Seed Flashcards
produces a number of cells which organized into tissues and organs
zygote
the sum of two processes growth and differentiation
development
an important biological phenomenon whereby cells regress from a specialized function to a simpler state reminiscent of stem cells
dedifferentiation
after mitotic cell division, only one daughter cell continues to divide while others differentiate or mature
arithmetic growth
phytohormones
auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene
when a leaf guard cells shrink, it’s stomata open and water is lost
transpiration
to put together with light
photosynthesis
formula of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water + sunlight = sugar + oxygen
discovered cytokinins
skoog and miller
growth promoters
auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins
growth inhibitors
abscisic acid, ethylene
involves study of the control and coordination of processes in cells organs and whole plants
plant growth and development
factors affecting photosynthesis
light, water, carbon dioxide, temperature
discovered giberelins
kurosawa
the shoot apical meristem repeatedly forms units
pythomere
initial growth is low followed by a rapid increase in growth and followed by a phase for growth slows down
geometric growth
measurement of growth
- increase in length or growth
- increase in area or volume
- increase in the number of cells
a program in which the function of organ or whole plant naturally declines to death
senescence
a term that includes all changes that an organism goes through during its life cycle from germination of the seed to senescence
development
main characteristics of growth
cellular growth, cell division, cell expansion, cellular differentiation
the chemical process by which sugars and starches are converted to energy is called oxidation and is similar to the burning of food or coal to produce heat
respiration
formula of respiration
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
discovered auxins
charles darwin and francis darwin
an irreversible permanent increase in size volume or mass of a cell or organ or whole organism
growth
the ability of plant to follow different pathways and produce different structures in response to environment and phases of life
plasticity
the phenomenon of appearance of different forms of leaves on the same plant
heterophylly
types of growth
primary and secondary growth
new cells produce again lose the power of division and become a part of permanent tissue
redifferentiation
callus is produced from explants
indirect somatic embryogenesis
terminal event of embryogenesis
maturation
the embryos initiate directly from explants in the absence of callos formation
direct somatic embryogenesis
refers to the process of development of plant embryos being either asexual or asexual reproductive process that forms new plants
plant embryogenesis
types of plant propagation
- asexual propagation
- sexual propagation
- artificial propagation
testing the viability of seed
- seeds scarification
- rugdoll method
