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A Level Geology OCR > Sedimentary rocks > Flashcards

Sedimentary rocks Flashcards

1
Q

What grain size is orthoquartzite?

A

Arenaceous

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2
Q

What is the sorting and grain shape of orthoquartzite?

A

Well sorted

Round

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3
Q

What colour are orthoquartzite?

A

White

Grey

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4
Q

Where is orthoquartzite often form?

A

Beach

Shallow Marine deposits

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5
Q

What is the composition of orthoquartzite?

A

Silicic

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6
Q

What is the grain size of arkose?

A

Arenaceous

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7
Q

What is the composition of arkose?

A

Mafic

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8
Q

What is the grain shape and sorting of arkose?

A

Sub-angular to sub-rounded

Moderately sorted

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9
Q

What is the colour of arkose?

A

Pink

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10
Q

What is the colour of greywacke?

A

Dark coloured

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11
Q

What is the composition of greywacke?

A

Mafic

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12
Q

What is the grain size of greywacke?

A

Arenaceous

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13
Q

What is the grain shape and sorting of greywacke?

A

Poorly sorted

Angular to sub-angular grains

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14
Q

What is the grain size of mudstone?

A

Argillaceous

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15
Q

What is the mineral composition of mudstone?

A

Clay

Mica

Quartz

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16
Q

Mudstone

A

Contains mud - particles of clay and fine silt

Less then 10% grains

Mud supported

17
Q

Wackestone

A

More than 10% grains

Contains mud - clay and fine silt

Mud supported

18
Q

Packstone

A

Grain supported

19
Q

Grainstone

A

Lacks mud

20
Q

What grain size is breccia?

A

Rudaceous

21
Q

What sorting is breccia?

A

Poorly sorted

22
Q

What is the grain shape of breccia?

A

Angular

23
Q

Where do breccia usually form?

A

Scree

Alluvial fans

Wadi deposits

24
Q

What is the grain size of conglomerate?

A

Rudaceous

25
Q

What is the sorting of a conglomerate?

A

Poorly sorted

26
Q

What is the grain shape of conglomerate?

A

Rounded

27
Q

What colours can clay be?

A

Brown

Red

Green

28
Q

Why is shale fissile?

A

Rock easily splits along the laminations of the rock.

29
Q

What are the two groups of limestone?

A

Chemical limestone formed by the precipitation of CaCO3 from sea water.

Biological limestone formed from organic remains remains such as shell fragments.

30
Q

What are ooliths surrounded by in oolitic limestone?

A

Fine grained calcite mud matrix (micrite)

or

crystalline calcite cement (sparite)

31
Q

Where does oolitic limestone form?

A

Sub-tropical seas, in shallow water agitated by high energy waves

32
Q

What type of limestone is oolitic limestone?

A

Chemical

33
Q

What type of limestone is fossiliferous limestone?

A

Biological

34
Q

How would you describe fossiliferous limestone?

A

Bioclastic

35
Q

What is chalk?

A

Biologically formed limestone

Composed of coccoliths

Pure CaCO3

Low energy, deep water shelf environments

36
Q

What is the grain size for argillaceous rocks?

A

<0.0625mm

37
Q

What is the grain size for arenaceous rocks?

A

0.0625-2mm

38
Q

What is the grain size for rudaceous rocks?

A

> 2mm

A Level Geology OCR (15 decks)

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