Sedimentary Rocks Flashcards
1
Q
how are sedimentary rocks classified?
A
composition
2
Q
what are the types of sedimentary rock?
A
clastic, chemical, organic
3
Q
clastic
A
from fragments of pre-existing rocks and minerals (clay, sand, silt)
4
Q
chemical
A
from the precipitation of minerals
5
Q
organic
A
from the accumulation of organic matter (siliceous and calcareous)
6
Q
how do sediments become clastic sedimentary rocks?
A
known as lithification: weathering and erosion, transportation by rivers and deposition (cementation and compaction)
7
Q
sand
A
sandstone
8
Q
silt
A
siltstone
9
Q
clay
A
shale
10
Q
calcareous
A
chalk (limestone)
11
Q
siliceous
A
chert
12
Q
mollusca
A
fossiliferous limestone
13
Q
coquina (mollusca)
A
coquina (limestone)
14
Q
corals
A
fossil coral (limestone)
15
Q
how do sedimentary rocks become exposed on land?
A
sea-level rise and fall, tectonic activity
