Sedimentary rocks Flashcards
What begins the process of sedimentary rocks?
Weathering of preexisting rocks
How much coverage sedimentary rocks cover the earth?
75%
What are sediment rocks?
Rocks that are made out of sediment that have been compacted and cemented to form solid rocks
Sediment rocks could’ve been formed from…
Fragments of other rocks, chemical precipitates, and organic material.
What’s a Chemical precipitate?
Certain solids can form from chemical reactions such as the ocean being saturated.
Organic material
Formed by something alive ex:coal
Sedimentary rocks can record different landscapes and times true or false?
True
What are agents of transportation?
Running water, groundwater, wave activity, wind, and glacial ice
Deposition
The laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice.
How do sediments become lithified?
Older sediments are buried beneath younger layers and gradually converted to sedimentary rock (lithified) by compaction and cementation.
lithification
Sediments converge into sedimentary rocks by compaction and cementation.
What are the three categories of sedimentary rocks?
Detrital, Chemical, and organic.
Detrital sedimentary rocks
Rocks form from an accumulation of material that originates and is transported as solid particles because of chemical or mechanical weathering.
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Formed by soluble (dissolvable) material largely by chemical weathering. Precipitated either by inorganic or organic.
Precipitated
The act of a solid coming out of solution, typically resulting from a drop in temperature or a decrease of the dissolving material.
Organic sedimentary rocks
Composed of organic carbon from the remains of plants that died on the floor swamp. Coal is an example
Particle size can determine…
detrital rocks and environment
Stronger currents can carry larger particles with more energy true or false?
True
Particle boulder size in millimeters?
Over 256
Particle Cobble size in millimeters?
64-256
Particle Pebble size in millimeters?
4-64