Sedimentary Rocks Flashcards
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
by lithification
What are the three steps to lithification?
Burial, Compaction, Cementation
What is the burial step of lithification?
particles are piled on top of each other trapping the particles on the bottom.
What is the compaction step of lithification ?
the weight of overlying sediments causes pressure which reduces the pore space between sediment particles.
what is the cementation step of lithification?
precipitation of minerals within pores that effectively binds(glues) sediments together.
What are the two types of sedimentary rocks?
clastic, and non-clastic
Clastic rocks are made:
from particles of other rocks.
Non-clastic rocks are formed:
from chemical solutions
Of all the exposed rocks in the world, what percentage of them are sedimentary rocks?
75%
What clastic sedimentary rock is most known for its abundance?
Shale
What is an example of a non-clastic sedimentary rock?
limestone(CaCO3)
What is evaporites?
an evaporation process the leaves something behind.
One major geographical example of evaporties is:
Salt LakeCity.
Sedimentary rocks create fossils that tell us:
whether or not the rocks from different places came from the same origin.
What is significant about the continuous layering of sedimentary rocks?
The sequence of the layers can sometimes give you an idea about past events and weather.
