Earth's layers and Minerals Flashcards
Small scale study is:
study done with a small amount of data that is generalized
Large scale study is:
covers a specific area with a lot of data and information.
Earthquakes have three different waves known as:
S-Wave
P-Wave
Surface-Wave
an S-Wave stops when it comes in contact with:
a liquid
P-Waves a strong enough to go through:
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Surface-Waves generally occur:
on the surface.
Sonars are used to create an image of what the inner Earth looks like by using what type of seismic activity:
P-Waves and S-Waves
Earth’s two main inner layers are known as:
The Earth’s Mantle and Core
The Earth’s outer most layer known as the crust is broken down into what two categories?
Continental and Oceanic crust
The Continental crust is know as being felsic. What does felsic mean?
Granitic, high in silica, very hard
The Oceanic crust is known as being mafic. What does maic mean?
Basaltic, low in silica, soft
The lithosphere has the ability to move or shift. What two layers of the Earth does the lithosphere consist of?
Mantle and Crust
What is the plastic layer that flow readily called?
Hint: it is under the lithosphere
astenosphere
What is topographic relief?
The vertical differences between high and low elevation.
Orogenic belt means:
mountain belt, also referred to as mountain building
Weather is:
The destruction of the lithosphere.
What are the two types of weathering?
Physical weather and chemical weather
At one point, what East coast mountain range dwarfed the Himalayan mountains before it was severely weather?
The Appalachian Mountains
The incorporation and transportation of particles and rock fragments is known as:
Erosion
Naturally occurring(not in a lab) inorganic solid with a definite atomic structure and chemical composition. 98% of our lithosphere is made up of:
Minerals
of the 98% of the minerals that make up the lithosphere; what two major minerals make up 30% of that?
Oxygen and Silicon, and when combined make silica
The hardest known mineral is:
diamond
On the Moh’s hardness scale what is the fourth hardest minieral?
Quartz
