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Security in the Cloud Flashcards

1
Q

Who has the ultimate legal responsibility for the data?

A

The customer

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2
Q

Breaches, failures, and lack of availability most affect the _____ ?

A

customer

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3
Q

What is the provider most concerned with?

A

Security and operation of the data center

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4
Q
  • Imposing policy
  • Getting log data
  • Auditing the performance and security of the data center
A

Customer involvement with the data center

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5
Q
  • List of security controls
  • Procedures
  • Live monitoring of equipment and data
A

things the provider wants to protect from malicious purposes

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6
Q

A distributed computing environment with only one customer.

A

Private cloud

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7
Q

What are the two ways private cloud can be implemented?

A
  • By an org running its own data center and supplying services to itself
  • Hosted by a provider
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8
Q

What is another name for the provider’s data center?

A

Co-lo (co-location)

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9
Q

Private cloud might be a more appropriate option for:

A
  • Orgs in highly-regulated industries
  • Orgs that process a significant amount/degree of sensitive info
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10
Q

Drawback of private cloud.

A
  • More expensive
  • Less elastic/scalable (will reach natural capacity of dedicated components)
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11
Q
  • Personnel threats
  • Natural disasters
  • External attacks (unauth access, DoS, DDoS)
  • Regulatory non-compliance
  • Malware
A

Private cloud risks

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12
Q

Resources are shared and dispersed among an affinity group.

A

Community cloud

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13
Q
  • Shared ownership (but increases entry and decision points)
  • Shared cost (but also shared access and control)
  • No need for centralized admin and perf monitoring (but also loss of reliability of centralized standards)
A

Community cloud benefits with associated risks

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14
Q

A company offers cloud services to any entity that wants to become a cloud customer.

A

Public cloud

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15
Q
  • Vendor lock-in
  • Vendor lock-out
  • Multitenant environments
  • Conflict of interest
  • Escalation of privilege
  • Information bleed
  • Legal activity
A

Public cloud risks

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16
Q

General level of ease or difficulty when transferring data out of a provider’s data center.

A

Portability

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17
Q
  • Ensure favorable contract terms
  • Avoid proprietary formats
  • Ensure there are no physical/technical limitations
  • Check for regulatory constraints

Are all ways to increase _____.

A

portability

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18
Q
  • Longevity
  • Core competency
  • Jurisdictional suitability
  • Supply chain dependencies
  • Legislative environment
A

Things to consider when selecting a provider to reduce risk of vendor lock-out

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19
Q

A combination of two or more of the other models.

A

Hybrid cloud

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20
Q
  • Personnel threats
  • External threats
  • Lack of specific skillsets
A

IaaS Risks

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21
Q
  • Interoperability issues
  • Persistent backdoors
  • Virtualization
  • Resource sharing
A

PaaS Risks

22
Q
  • Proprietary formats
  • Virtualization
  • Web app weaknesses
A

SaaS Risks

23
Q

The system that acts as the interface and controller b/w the virtualized instances and resources of the given host devices on which they reside.

A

Hypervisor

24
Q

Bare-metal or hardware hypervisors that reside directly on the host machine.

25
Software hypervisors that run on top of the OS that runs on a host device.
Type 2
26
Attackers prefer Type 2 hypervisors because:
Of the larger surface area. (They can attack the hypervisor, OS, and machine directly)
27
When a user leaves the confines of their own virtualized instance.
Guest escape
28
When a user can leave their virtualized instance and the host machine, accessing other devices on the network.
Host escape
29
Processing performed on one virtualized instance may be detected by other instances on the same host.
Information bleed
30
When an attacker narrows down a list of possible attack vector to only those that will function in that circumstance, or gain insight into what types of material might be acquired for a successful attack.
Side channel or covert channel attack
31
Why are cloud data centers considered to be similar to DMZs?
Because everything in the cloud can be accessed remotely and exposed to the internet.
32
- Malware - External attackers - Man in the middle attacks - Theft/loss of device - Regulatory violations - Natural disasters - Loss of policy control - Loss of physical control - Lack of audit access - Rogue administrator - Escalation of privilege - Contractual failure
Types of cloud threats
33
A main advantage of migrating to public cloud config.
Security offered by fast replication, regular backups, and distributed, remote processing and storage of data offered by CPs.
34
Host-based and network based anti-malware apps and agents employed in actual host devices and virtualized instances.
Risk mitigation for malware
35
Background checks, resume confirmation, skills and knowledge testing.
Risk mitigation for internal threats
36
Hardening physical devices, hypervisors, and VMs w/ solid baseline config and change mgmt protocols, and strong access control. Possibly even using a CASB.
Risk mitigation for external attackers
37
Risk mitigation for man in the middle/on-path attacks.
Encrypt data in transit and secure session technology.
38
Risk mitigation for social engineering.
Training
39
Encryption, strict access controls, no usb, inventory control, remote wipe/kill switch
Risk mitigation for data loss from theft.
40
Hiring knowledgeable personnel is the risk mitigation for ___ violations.
Regulatory
41
Risk mitigation for natural disasters.
Redundancy
42
Risk mitigation for loss of policy control.
Strong contractual terms.
43
Encryption, strict access controls, no usb, inventory control, remote wipe/kill switch, song contractual terms.
Risk mitigation for loss of physical control
44
Risk mitigation for lack of audit access.
Contractual protections.
45
Physical, logical, and admin controls for all privileged accounts.
Risk mitigation for rogue admin
46
Risk mitigation for escalation of privilege.
Access control.
47
Risk mitigation for contractual failure.
Full offsite backups.
48
Risk mitigation for legal seizure.
Encryption or employing data dispersion.
49
- New dependencies - Reg failure - Data breach - Vendor lock in/out
BIA concerns
50
- Private architecture, cloud service as backup - Cloud operations, cloud provider as backup (backup solutions for redundancy) - Cloud operations, 3P cloud backup provider
Ways of using cloud backups for BC/DR
51
How often should failover testing occur:
At least annually.

CCSP (11 decks)

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