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Community Health > Sections 1-4 > Flashcards

Sections 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

The health status of a defined group

A

Community Health

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2
Q

Evidence based practices that teach healthy behaviors

A

Health education

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3
Q

Focus of public health in 1950s

A

Control infectious disease

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4
Q

1970s public health focus

A

Health education and promotion

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5
Q

Values, behaviors, etc that enable a health professional to work effectively with a diverse population

A

Cultural competency

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6
Q

Study of health related states in specific populations

A

Epidemiology

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7
Q

Death rate. Usually expressed per 100,000

A

Mortality rate

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8
Q

Something that increases likelihood of developing a disease or injury.

A

Risk factor

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9
Q

Risk factor that is changeable or controllable

A

Modifiable

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10
Q

Risk factor that can’t be controlled (ex genetic)

A

Non-modifiable

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11
Q

Prevents onset of illness (ex legislation, vaccine)

A

Primary prevention

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12
Q

Early diagnosis and treatment of illness (ex health exams, exercise)

A

Secondary prevention

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13
Q

Treatment of health problem to maximize quality of life (ex rehab)

A

Tertiary prevention

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14
Q

A range of factors that influence health

A

Determinants of health

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15
Q

How did early humans learn?

A

Observation, trial/error

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16
Q

Had oldest health documents, public sanitation with bathrooms and drains

A

India

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17
Q

Greek father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

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18
Q

Staff and serpent of a physician; symbol of Asclepius

A

Caduceus

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19
Q

Started with building of aqueducts; first hospitals

A

Roman public health

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20
Q

Surgery and dentistry performed by barbers because best chairs and sharpest instruments

A

Renaissance surgeons

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21
Q

Belief that illness started in filth and spread through particles in air

A

Miasmas theory

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22
Q

In 1849, theorized that sewage contamination in water caused cholera. Removed pump handle to stop epidemic

A

John Snow

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23
Q

1860, proposed germ theory and heating of milk and wine to prevent illness

A

Pasteur

24
Q

Started in 1700s due to bad health conditions in growing cities.

A

US Public Health Service

25
Q

1939 study on long term effects of marijuana

A

LaGuardia report

26
Q

1837, started mandatory programs to teach students about behavior and health.

A

Horace Mann

27
Q

Men rejected from draft due to physical deficiencies

A

WWI military rejects

28
Q

How were 19th century doctors trained?

A

Mostly through apprenticeship. Informal

29
Q

Goal of Medical professionals

A

Return individual to prior state

30
Q

Goal of public health

A

Prevention; social action

31
Q

Goal of Human Services healthcare

A

Enhance wellbeing and teach skills

32
Q

Process where an individual or program meet specific standards

A

Credentialing

33
Q

Agency or government grants permission to practice

A

Licensure

34
Q

Professional organization grants recognition to an individual who completes a competency-based curriculum

A

Certification

35
Q

A recognized professional body evaluation of an educational program

A

Accreditation

36
Q

Began in 1970-80 as advanced education for those with a bachelor’s degree

A

Graduate education in public health

37
Q

3-6 month program started in China in 50s

A

Chinese Health Workers

38
Q

BS, MA, etc and a major in health education OR 25 credits in health addressing 7 areas of responsibility for health educators

A

Requirements for Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES)

39
Q

Current training model for physicians

A

4 years plus residency

40
Q

Published “Notes on Nursing” and established the nursing profession

A

Florence Nightengale

41
Q

Learning styles

A

Visual
Auditory
Reading
Tactile

42
Q

ASSURE MODEL

A

Analyze
State objectives
Select teaching method
Use teaching method
Require performance (test)
Evaluate

43
Q

A positive quality that enables optimal health

A

Wellness philosophy

44
Q

Allows people to make best health decision for themselves, not necessarily for society

A

Freeing/functioning philosophy

45
Q

Emphasis on critical thinking and lifelong learning

A

Decision-making philosophy

46
Q

Focus on modifying habits

A

Behavior change philosophy

47
Q

Focus on acquiring content and facts

A

Cognitive based philosophy

48
Q

Create economic and political change to benefit individual and group health

A

Social change philosophy

49
Q

Philosophy that deals with study of knowledge

A

Epistemology

50
Q

Defined ethical principles in research with human subjects

A

Belmont report

51
Q

Expectation that any information about the individual will be kept confidential

A

Protecting privacy

52
Q

Do no harm

A

Non-malfeasance

53
Q

Awareness that an ethical problem exists and understanding the impact different courses of action could have on people

A

Moral sensitivity

54
Q

Patient not given a choice about treatment; provider makes choice in best interest of patient

A

Inform of decision

55
Q

Patient has choice to accept or refuse treatment

A

Informed consent

56
Q

Provider and patient decide on treatment

A

Shared decision making

Community Health (2 decks)

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