Sections 1 & 2 Flashcards
Who’s Benjamin Franklin?
He signed the Declaration of Independence and only made minor changes to it. He was also part of the continental congress.
Who is Thomas Paine
An author who published common sense, and The crisis. Supported the Blue coats*
What is common sense
a pamphlet written by Paine that ridiculed king george, and stated that everyone should be treated freely.
Who is Richard Henry Lee
-He introduced a resolution to congress after common sense, it was to support independence.
(Planted the seed)
what is a resolution?
formal statement of opinion including the Declaration of Independence
Who is Thomas Jefferson
He wrote the declaration of independence, he was a 33-year-old, who was shy, but had a graceful writing style.
what is the preamble
introduction
Who is John Adams
signed the declaration of independence, made changes to it, and learned that it was hard to win everyone’s independence over.
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence -
A writing that uses step by step logic to explain why the colonists wanted to break away from British rule. It had 4 parts:
Preamble
Introduction
Natural Rights
General ideas about society and government
List of Grievances
Complaints about King George III of England
Dissolving the Bonds
Wraps up how the colonies should be free and independent from Britain
what is a grievance?
a formal complaint
Natural rights
Three main sections after the preamble. The first section states some general ideas about society and government. It also states that all men are created equal and that everyone is endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights. He also concludes that if governments do not help people’s need they deserve to be abolished.
Declaration
Said that the colonies were breaking free from Britain, concluded the Declaration of Independence.
William Howe
A British commander who led the attack on Staten Island
Battle of Long Island
The British drove Washington’s troop, led to a chain of American retreats
what happened July4, 1776
The day that congress approved the declaration of independence.
Nathan Hale
He was a Connecticut officer that volunteered to be on dangerous spy duty, he got caught, and said that he only regretted that he only had one life to spend on his country
Who wrote the crisis and why?
Thomas Paine. To raise morale/ask the Americans to support the army
Hessian soldiers
Mercenaries fighting for Britain from Hesse, a small German state
Battle of trenton
a battle led by george washington with 2400 men on december 26.
Mercenaries
Soldiers who are paid to fight for a country other than their own
John Burgoyne
Made a plan for British forces to drive toward Albany, New York from 3 directions, but the timings were messed up, and he failed.
General Horatio Gates
Rushed to block the British, surrounded the British and made Burgoyne surrender
Battle of Saratoga
This American victory ended the British threat to New England and destroyed British hopes of an easy victory, it also raised Patriot’s spirits
French Alliance
French agreed to help the Americans beat the British. An alliance is a formal agreement between two powers to work together toward a common goal
Marquis de Lafayette
A French noble who became a high-ranking officer in Washington’s army.
Thaddeus Kosciusko
An engineer who took charge of building fortifications at West Point.
Casimir Pulaski
He trained cavalry, which are units of troop on horseback
Friedrich von Steuben
-He had served in the Prussian Army, the best army in Europe, and trained the Continental Army
Valley Forge
Where the Continental Army suffered a long, hard, winter and didn’t have much. When people heard about these conditions, they sent items to help.
