Section V: Vaccination

Question 0

What is natural and active immunity

Answer 0

natural exposure: immunity following measles

Question 1

What are the principles of immunity

Answer 1

immunity can be acquired naturally via exposure to an antigen or artificially via induction of immune response. Immunity can be either active or passive

Question 2

What is natural and passive immunity

Answer 2

Transfer of antibodies produced by other: Mother to child

Question 3

What is artificial and active immunity

Answer 3

deliberate exposure to antigen: immunization

Question 4

What is artificial and passive immunity

Answer 4

antibodies injected into body: Ig following dog bite

Question 5

What is an inactivated vaccine

Answer 5

unable to replicate but retains the immunogenicity of infectious agent or toxin

• -advantage is can’t revert to dangerous form
• flu
• Polio (Salk)

Question 6

What is a Live attenuated vaccine

Answer 6

weakened form of disease-causing microbe that is unable to cause disease. Replicates in recipient causing an infection with undetectable or mild disease
–MMR, Polio (Sabin)

Question 7

What is a subunit vaccine

Answer 7

composed of key protein antigens or antigenic fragments rather than whole cells or virus

• toxoid
• capsule

Question 8

What are monoclonal antibodies

Answer 8

antibodies are that are identical because they were produced by one type of immune cell, all clones of a single parent