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NIMS - Book II > Section III - Structural Collapse Incidents - Chapter 1 - Operational Considerations > Flashcards

Section III - Structural Collapse Incidents - Chapter 1 - Operational Considerations Flashcards

1
Q

The IC will need to develop a _________ ____________ plan that includes the appropriate priorities, objectives, command structures, and resource requirements.

A

rescue operational

p 163

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2
Q

Rescue operational plan:

* ________. The _______ of day will provide information on the occupancy load and location of people in the structure.

A
  • Time / time

p 163

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3
Q

Rescue operational plan:
* ______________. Knowledge of the ____________ will yield information on hazards, occupant use, types, and number of businesses.

A
  • Occupancy / occupancy

p 163

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4
Q

Rescue operational plan:

* _________ and _______ ( _____ sides ). Consider all _____ sides and the area involved.

A
  • Height and area ( six sides ). / six

p 163

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5
Q

Rescue operational plan:

* ___________. _________ control is a major safety factor to rescuer and victim alike.

A
  • Utilities (gas, water, electric). / Utility

p 163

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6
Q

Rescue operational plan:

* _______. Surface and underground ______ systems may be part of the collapse problem or impact it by vibration.

A
  • Rail / rail

p 164

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7
Q

Rescue operational plan:
* __________ equipment. Collapsed structure rescue operations may require the use of ___________ search equipment such as electronic listening devices, fiber optic camera; and portable cutting, breaking, and breaching equipment.

A
  • Special / specialized

p 164

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8
Q

Rescue operational plan:
* _______________ equipment. Large, mechanized _____________ equipment may be needed to remove debris so that rescue operations can be expedited.

A
  • Construction / construction

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9
Q

Rescue operational plan:
* __________ materials. A large amount of _________ materials may be required for access to the victim and structural stabilization. Pre-incident planning of supply sources is important.

A
  • Shoring / shoring

p 164

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10
Q

Rescue operational plan:
* __________ ______. The first 24 hours of rescue operations will yield the most survivors. The term “__________ ______” is used for US&R as the “__________ _______” is used for medical.

A
  • Golden Day (24 hour survival window) / “Golden Day” / “Golden Hour”

p 165

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11
Q

Normally, a _________ ________ with heavy capability may arrive at the scene of a collapse structure incident sometime after initial actions have been taken by volunteers or first responder resources. The _________ ________ Leader commands a specialized resource that should assume those priority tasks the team is trained and equipped to perform.

A

rescue team / Rescue Team Leader

p 165

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12
Q

Rescue operational plan:

A _________ ____________ survey should be made so that the Team Leader can develop an accurate strategic and tactical operational plan before taking action.

A

damage assessment

p 165

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13
Q

Initial size-up:
Anticipated activities to perform before beginning structural collapse operations:
* Identify buildings _____________, that is, by address, physical location, unique design, etc.
* General area ________ to identify separate buildings from many in a given area, which offer the highest potential for viable _________ opportunities.
* __________ assessment and __________ of any particular building before search and rescue operations.
* __________ and _________ marking of a particular building.

A
  • individually
  • triage / rescue
  • Hazard / marking
  • Search and rescue

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14
Q

Initial size up:
At least two possibilities exist when emergency responders arrive:
1. ___________ may have already identified viable search or rescue opportunities for the IC.
2. There may be little or no _________________ information when the IC arrives.

A
  1. Civilians
  2. reconnaissance

p 166

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15
Q

Structural collapse USAR management and coordination-
Size up/ Operational planning:
Once the initial assessment is underway or completed, the IC must begin to identify the overall mission _____________.

A

objectives

p 166

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16
Q

At the inception of an incident, the IC must determine the immediate __________ requirements and/or _________ opportunities.

A

search / rescue

p 166

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17
Q

Determining search requirements and/or rescue opportunities:

  • Input from the ___________ already on scene can assist the IC.
  • If no search or rescue requirements are immediately identified, search priorities should be determined based upon victim entrapment in high probability occupancies such as _________, __________, and _______-_____________ buildings.
  • Information used for identifying search requirements should consider all of these possibilities. The IC should not accept information as ______ when approached by local civilians reporting entrapped victims, but rather have a complete assessment of the overall situation verified by a _______ _________ or ____________ __________ or by personal observation.
A
  • civilians
  • schools, hospitals, and multi-residential
  • fact / team leader or company officer

p 166

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18
Q

Incident Commanders must ask themselves: Are the ___________ committed achieving their _____________? If not, the corrective actions and revision to the __________ _________ _______ are needed.

A

resources / objectives / Incident Action Plan

p 167

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19
Q

Incident management:
Teams must be ____________ to ensure that they function in a cohesive and effective manner. Monitoring must be done to ensure that ____________ performance is adequate.

A

monitored / individual

p 167

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20
Q

Incident management:
The IC, operating at the Command Post, acts as a hub for ______________ from the members, operating in the incident area.

A

information

p 167

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21
Q

Incident management:

A communication radio channel for _________, _________, and ___________ operations is important.

A

tactical, command, and logistics

p 167

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22
Q

Incident management:
The assignment of incident personnel is based upon the ___________ ____________ plan and priorities for ________ and ________ tasks.

A

developed operational / search and rescue

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23
Q

Incident management:

The Incident Action Plan is based upon known or anticipated _________ and _________ requirements.

A

search and rescue

p 167

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24
Q

Incident management:
A structural collapse ________ ___________ report should be filled out for each work. Each report should include the following:
* Personnel assigned to that ___________
* __________ made or ___________ undertaken
* Potential __________ sites
* __________ considerations
* __________ of the site

A

USAR operations

  • location
  • Rescues / activities
  • rescue
  • Safety
  • Drawing

p 167

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25
Q

Incident management:

A ______ ______ should also be maintained listing the chronological order of events and activities during the mission.

A

unit log

p 167

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26
Q

Generally, there are ______ phases of rescue operations at collapse incidents.

A

five

p 168

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27
Q

Phases of rescue operations:
Phase I: Assessment of the _________ ______.
* _______ searched for possible victims (surface/buried).
* Evaluation of the structure’s ___________.
* _________ must be evaluated and shut down for safety.

A

collapse area

  • Area
  • stability
  • Utilities

p 168

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28
Q

Phases of rescue operations:

Phase II: Removal of all __________ victims as quickly and safely as possible.

A

surface

p 168

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29
Q

Phases of rescue operations:

Phase III: All ______ and accessible ________ searched and explored for viable victims.

  • An _______ ______-_____ system can be used during this phase.
  • Only trained ________ or specially trained ___________ should be used in voids / accessible space searches.
A

voids / spaces

  • audible call-out
  • canine / personnel

p 168

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30
Q

Phases of rescue operations:

Phase IV: Selected ________ removal (using special tools/techniques) may be necessary after locating a victim.

A

debris

p 168

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31
Q

Phases of rescue operations:

Phase V: General debris removal is usually conducted after all known victims have been ___________.

A

removed

p 168

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32
Q

One of the critical responsibilities of the tactical level management unit supervisors is determining, evaluating, and prioritizing rescue extrication of operations involving ______, ___________ victims.

A

live, entrapped

p 168

33
Q

Evaluating rescue operations:

Anytime rescuers are working in voids or accessible openings, all work in progress _________, _________, or __________ the site should cease until rescuers and victims exit the void or opening.

A

above, below, or around

p 169

34
Q

Evaluating rescue operations:
When on-scene rescue resources are surpassed, personnel must prioritize rescue opportunities using the following factors:
* Victim(s) __________ and __________.
* Degree of ___________ and ________ of each rescue.
* Possible ______ _________ of the rescue efforts, for example, a single rescue operation yielding the extrication of two or more victims, etc.
* __________ considerations for rescue personnel.

A
  • viability and longevity
  • difficulty and duration
  • end results
  • Safety

p 169

35
Q

Personnel ______ and _____________ within the Medical Unit under the Logistics Section Chief is fundamental to the safe, effective, and sustained operation of incident personnel.

A

rest and rehabilitation

p 169

36
Q

Evaluating rescue operations:

Officers must maintain a continued awareness of the detrimental effects of _________ on the effectiveness and capabilities of all personnel.

A

fatigue

p 169

37
Q

Team and/or squad “_____ _______” (regrouping) may be required during prolonged operations to redefine responsibilities and ensure that the squad’s focus is maintained on the plan of action, management structure and safety considerations.

A

“pep talks”

p 169

38
Q

Evaluating rescue operations:

_____________ considerations must not be overlooked during mission operations.

A

Hygienic

p 169

39
Q

Following survey and reconnaissance of the area, efforts must be directed toward _________ operations in specific collapsed buildings.

A

search

p 169

40
Q

Search strategy:
When concentrating efforts on a particular building, start by finding out the following information:
* Building’s ______
* Number of ____________
* Number of victims __________ and the probable __________
* Are any __________ operations currently underway
* Presence of ___________
* Structural stability of ___________ buildings

A
  • use
  • occupants
  • trapped / location
  • rescue
  • hazards (ex. Gas and utilities, fire/explosion, electrical hazards, burst mains, plumbing and sewer disruption)
  • adjoining

p 170

41
Q

Victim location:

Victims found on _____ of the debris or lightly ________ should be removed first.

A

top / buried

p 170

42
Q

Victim location:

All rescue efforts should be directed to victims who can be ______ or ________.

A

seen or heard

p 170

43
Q

Victim location:

Rescue efforts should also be directed to reach those victims whose __________ are known even if you cannot see or hear them.

A

locations

p 170

44
Q

The initial site assessment will point toward areas of potential voids that may have given a person who was in the area during the time of the collapse a ?

A

chance to survive

p 170

45
Q

Victim location:
The following are typical areas that should be searched:
* ____________ or ______ ways
* Spaces under ____________ or in ___________
* ____________ and _________ locations
* Locations near ____________ or ____________

A
  • Hallways or exit
  • stairways / bathrooms
  • Basement and cellar
  • chimneys or fireplaces

p 170

46
Q

Victim location:
The following are typical areas that should be searched:
* _______ under floors which are not entirely collapsed
* Undamaged rooms or areas whose ________ is barred
* Voids created by _________ or heavy ___________

A
  • Voids
  • egress
  • furniture / machinery

p 170

47
Q

The purpose of the _________ __________ Unit is to locate and identify victims and witnesses involved in structural collapse incidents in order to assist in search and rescue operations.

A

Victim Locator Unit

p 171

48
Q

The Victim Locator Unit is normally assigned to the ___________ Section, and information gained needs to be shared with the _________ Group.

A

Planning Section / Search Group

p 171

49
Q 
Victim Locator Unit-
This unit is normally commanded by a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ as the Unit Leader and staffed by the following personnel:
* Two \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Unit / Fire \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
* One \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Supervisor 
* Two \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Officers
A

company officer

  • Arson / Investigators
  • Paramedic
  • Police

p 171

50
Q

Victim Locator Unit members will interview victims, witness, and persons with _____________ of the structure to determine the location of all occupants or other persons who could be trapped or injured.

A

knowledge

p 171

51
Q

Victim Locator Unit:

Information regarding victims shall be ____________, including _________ of the site if possible.

A

documented / diagrams

p 171

52
Q

Victim Locator Unit:
At significant incidents, _____________ _____________ _________ technology can be used to map the location of potential victims.

A

geographical information system (GIS)

p 171

53
Q

Tactical Operations:
In terms of the type of construction and occupancy of the building and the number of potential victims, those that present the highest likelihood of ____________ would receive attention first.

A

survivability

p 171

54
Q

Tactical Operations:

Occupancies such as __________, __________, _________ homes, ______-______ and ______-_______ residential buildings and _______ buildings would be searched first.

A

schools, hospitals, nursing homes, high-rise and multi-story residential and office buildings

p 171

55
Q 
Tactical Operations:
Search strategies may include-
* Physical \_\_\_\_\_\_ search
* Use of electronic \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ devices
* Search \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A
  • void
  • visual or listening
  • dogs

p 171

56
Q

Large Scale Search Priorities:
Two general strategies-
* The first would be to _________ the area in question, usually into geographic divisions by city block or other easily defined criteria.
* The second method is to determine the search priorities in terms of the type of _____________ affected.

A
  • divide
  • occupancies

p 172

57
Q

A full Search and Recon Team should be staffed with how many people?

A

ten people

p 172

58
Q

Search and Recon Team:

The location of viable victims is denoted by marking the exact location with ?

A

International orange spray paint or orange surveyors tape

p 173

59
Q

Search and Recon Team:

Hazard zones should be conspicuously cordoned off with ?

A

surveyors tape or fire line tape

p 173

60
Q

__________ personnel may be required to assist canine and technical search personnel with search and recon activities.

A

Rescue

p 174

61
Q

In all cases, personnel conducting search operations should _________ the general features of the structure/area being searched, noting any significant information on the ________ for future reference.

A

sketch / sketch

p 174

62
Q

As rescue opportunities are identified, it is important that rescue personnel adhere to a consistent, formalized ______-_____________ procedure to ensure the safe, effective operation of the rescue squads.

A

site-management

p 174

63
Q

_______-_____ actions and ______-_________ activities should occur simultaneously.

A

Size-up / site-control

p 174

64
Q

Complete size-up and site-control activities before ?

A

rescue operations begin

p 175

65
Q

What is the single most important consideration during the rescue operation?

A

safety of the incident personnel

p 176

66
Q

_________ and __________ identification issues must be addressed in the briefings conducted prior to any operations.

A

Safety and hazard

p 177

67
Q

Emergency signaling:

  • Three short blasts ( 1 second each ) signals ?
  • One long blast ( 3 seconds ) signals ?
  • One long and one short blast signals ?
A
  • Evacuate the Area
  • Cease Operations/All Quiet
  • Resume Operations

p 177

68
Q

In many instances, the _______ search can usually provide the most rapid assessment of a work site area.

A

canine

p 177

69
Q

The ___________ ________, ___________, and ____________ System is designed to help identify, select, and prioritize the buildings with the highest probability of success with respect to finding and rescuing live victims.

A

Structure Traige, Assessment, and Marking System

p 178

70
Q

Structure Triage:

  • If a large area or many buildings are involved, triage can be performed by ?
  • There may be some buildings that have significant hazards that will not allow rescue operations to proceed until the ?
  • Triage assessments are based upon value judgements that are made with ?
A
  • performed by two or more structure triage teams
  • hazards are mitigated. “NO GO” assessments
  • rapidly obtained information

p 178

71
Q

A structure triage team should be comprised of:

  • One _____________ Specialist
  • One __________ ____________ Specialist
A
  • Structural
  • Hazardous Materials

p 178

72
Q

Structure Triage:

  • Triage criteria should be reevaluated after the initial search, in light of ?
  • ____________ ____________ may or may not occur during the initial structure triage phase.
A
  • live victim locations
  • Structure marking

p 179

73
Q

Rescue site communications:

All personnel should be provided with a ?

A

portable radio

p 179

74
Q

Rescue site communications:

The incident should be assigned one operational __________ channel for Command Officer communications and separate __________ channels for each rescue work site established.

A

command / tactical

p 179

75
Q

Outside Resources Request/Liaison

The IC may request this assistance through appropriate channels to the jurisdiction’s _________ _______ or the incident _________ Officer if resources are on scene.

A

dispatch center / Liaison

p 179

76
Q

It is essential that every possible search method be employed to enable incident supervisors to locate viable victims before committing ?

A

rescue resources to any prolonged, although well-intentioned operation

p 179

77
Q

Tactical considerations:

An important consideration in the mid to latter stages of a mission is the need to reassess previously ?

A

searched structures or areas

p 180

78
Q

Tactical considerations:

The officer assigned the responsibility of search/rescue operations should remind all members involved in the search or rescue operations that they shall not eat anything until they have ?

It shall be assumed that the work area is _______________.

A

washed their hands and face

contaminated

p 180

NIMS - Book II (22 decks)

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