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AH training > SECTION F Nutrition > Flashcards

SECTION F Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the horse require a range of nutrients in his diet?

A

Keeps them healthy.Fibre helps to encourage things to move through the gut. Fat can be used for energy, starch for energy, protein for growth and repair. Other nutrients required for niche processes.

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2
Q

What might make you suspect a horse was lacking the correct nutrients?

A

Failure to hold or gain weight, slow healing, poor poo, poor growth or repair, aneamia.

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3
Q

What nutrients does a horse require?

A

Fibre, starch, protein, lipids, vitamins minerals

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4
Q

Which foods contain a significant percentage of water/protein/carbohydrate/fats and oils/vitamins?

A

carrots and apples- water
protein- balancer
carbohydrates- roughage and chaff
fats and oils- linseed oils,
vitamins- balancer

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5
Q

Why is it a good idea to know the weight of your horse with regards to feeding?

A

So you can feed them the right amount of food

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6
Q

Please describe how to use a weigh tape.

A

Round the wither and wrap it around
More accurate to use HEART GIRTH x HEART GIRTH x BODY LENGTH / 300 = ANIMAL WEIGHT IN POUNDS

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7
Q

When might you use a weigh tape?

A

To have an idea of the weight of the horse at home

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8
Q

Where can I find a weigh bridge to weigh my horse?

A

Veterinary practices usually have them.

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9
Q

How do you go about using a weigh bridge?

A

Lead the horse onto it.

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10
Q

If a condition score was a two or a five, what programme might you put in place for a horse?

A

Two needs more food 5 needs a diet

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11
Q

Why should horses not be asked to carry riders that are too heavy?

A

COmpromise their wellfare. Could cause damage to them. Concussive on joints

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12
Q

Please discuss the current problem of equine obesity

A

A lot of horses are obese.

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13
Q

Why is it so important that horses are not obese?

A

Puts extra stress on their organs and limbs. Laminitus risk. Extra weight through joints and bones which puts strain

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14
Q

How do you know if a horse is obese?

A

Dip down its back, fat pads around the shoulders and eyes. Hard cresty neck. Heavier than horse of similar height and type.

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15
Q

What total weight of food would a horse require in a 24-hr period

A

2.5 percent

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16
Q

How would you break the total weight of daily food down to ensure health of the horse’s digestive system?

A

Mostly roughage. As high as possible of roughage.

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17
Q

Please tell me why bio security / hygiene is important in feed rooms?

A

To prevent pest infestation, mould, medicine cross contamination and infection

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18
Q

How might you change a diet if a horse’s workload increases?

A

Increase concentrate fed daily

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19
Q

What bio security is applied in your yard feedroom?

A

Stored in a metal bin to prevent pests. Not poured in bin so that all food is used. Medicine board. Medicines locked away. Same bucket for each horse

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20
Q

Can you give me some examples of poor bio security in a feed room?

A

Bags lying around, switching buckets, not cleaning buckets after use,

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21
Q

Have you ever had a rodent problem; how did you deal with it?

A

Yes. Rat bait in boxes so other animals cannot access it. away form water sources. Check the bait regularly. Check for dead rats.

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22
Q

What can you do to prevent a rodent problem?

A

Store food properly. Keeping things open so there are no hiding holes

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23
Q

How do you go about guaranteeing you buy good hard feed and forage?

A

Check it is NOPS assured. Naturally occurring prohibited substances.

24
Q

How should hay be stored to prevent deterioration of quality?

A

Dry covered area. Well ventilated.

25
Q

How do you store hay and haylage safely?

A

Hay- Dry covered area. Well ventilated. Haulage can stay outside as it is wrapped and it makes it harder for rodents to infest as it is wet not dry so they cannot burrow as easy.

26
Q

Explain how you try to buy your feed economically?

A

Buy in bulk, shop around for good deals, sign up to the mole valley shareholders scheme so you can get discounts.

27
Q

Describe what information is found on a feed bag label?

A

Nutritional breakdown. Weight, manufacturer, batch number

28
Q

Why is it important to understand the different percentages within the nutrient information provided by the manufacture?

A

So that you can feed the horse the correct thing.

29
Q

Please describe how you store your hard feed?

A

Metal bins, not poured in as all the food would not be used

30
Q

Feeding large numbers of horses can be time consuming. Describe a feeding regime that is time efficient and flexible for a yard of horses?

A

Feed all at the same time. Using big bales of haylage to prevent unwrapping time

31
Q

Please explain why fibre-based diets are now widely fed?

A

Provides slower releasing energy. Makes layer on stomach to prevent gastric ulceration. Helps things to pass through the gut.

32
Q

When might you add concentrates to a fibre-based diet?

A

As work increase, if they are pregnant, in the winter

33
Q

How would you go about adding the concentrates?

A

Gradually.

34
Q

What are balancers or feed additives?

A

Provides all the nutrients a horse needs in one comprehensive meal

35
Q

Please tell me when, or whether, balancers/feed additives are necessary

A

To provide extra nutrients that are necessary for change in work/ environment

36
Q

How do you choose the correct food additive for your horse?

A

Consider age, work, condition, type

37
Q

How do you know if the balancer/additive is effective?

A

You know that the horse is getting the correct amount of nutrients so they should not be deficient in any nutrient

38
Q

How does the digestive tract affect the way we feed our horses?

A

Very long and the stomach is very small so they need to eat little and often

39
Q

Please tell me how your feeding routine is designed to enhance the natural pattern of the digestive tract.

A

Mainly eat forage so they are eating at most times

40
Q

Can you name some problems that can arise from not considering the workings of the digestive tract?

A

Colic, gastric ulceration

41
Q

How might you recognise a problem that comes from ignoring the workings of normal digestion?

A

Signs of gastric ulceration and colic

42
Q

What can cause a horse to become a difficult feeder?

A

Fussiness, bad teeth, poor quality food, additives

43
Q

What strategies have you used to tempt difficult feeders?

A

Molasses however it is very sugary. Give it more roughage..

44
Q

Please tell me of two ways you can tempt a horse that is off its food to eat.

A

Check for illness, keep feeding it roughage

45
Q

What are the feed requirements for a Pony Club Endurance horse?

A

high oil content because it is slow releasing energy.

46
Q

What health problems can be caused by feeding?

A

Colic, laminates, azoturia, dental disease, impactions

47
Q

Have you looked after a horse that has had health problems caused by feeding, how did you resolve the problem?

A

Laminits, rest, pads in feet, box rest, Bute

48
Q

Could you tell me about looking after a horse that has had azoturia?

A

rest, call vet. roughage feeding, fluids, feed less concentrate feed in the long run. Keep out as much as possible.

49
Q

Is laminitis caused by feeding, if so, how should you feed a pony that has a history of laminitis?

A

Yes partially, most have an underlying hormonal problem. Feed as little concentrate as possible and mostly roughage diet.

50
Q

Have you taken any steps to make your yard eco-friendlier?

A

Using rainwater to wash buckets, solar panels, buying hay instead of haylage as it doesn’t have wrapping

51
Q

Please discuss steps that might make many yards more eco-friendly

A

Reducing water usage by limiting bathing and using dirty drinking water and rain water to rinse buckets etc.

52
Q

What eco-friendly steps can you take when it comes to rubbish disposal?

A

Recycling, reusing as much as possible eg feed bags.

53
Q

Which is the least eco-friendly practise that you have come across in a yard?

A

Pouring away water every time the horse is checked to replace it. Should save it.

54
Q

What can you build in a yard without planning permission?

A

fences, concrete pads, sheds,

55
Q

How can you find out whether your planned buildings require planning permission?

A

It will show on the local councils website

56
Q

Please explain the changes of use in a yard that will require planning permission.

A

stables, arena, change of use

AH training (8 decks)

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