SECTION C - ADDITIONAL THEORIES

Question 1

TZANAKIS (2011)

Answer 1

• Schooling “plays an important role in aiding and abetting the reproduction of social inequality and social exclusion”

Question 2

KARL MARX

Answer 2

focused on the benefited lifestyle of small group of wealthy upper-class - the expense of the lower class

Question 3

SULLIVAN (2001)

Answer 3

Study on the impact of cultural capital on GCSE level attainment –

Investigated the relationship between levels of embodied capital and gender
sample of 11 students from 4 different schools

Found a correlation between cultural capital and GCSE scoring

Asks us to remember that cultural capital may be seen as “only a partial explanation” for differences in attainment between social classes where other variables had not necessarily been controlled for

Question 4

Laureau (2003)

Answer 4

Analysed 4th grade children across 2 elementary schools - 1 school workings class the other middle class (“transmissions of different advantages to children”)

MIDDLE CLASS PARENTS: more likely to engage in the child’s development, evoking a confidence in their children -> cultural capital

WORKING CLASS PARENTS: less likely to engage, children didn’t receive the same benefits - confident in ‘play’ but not classroom

SOCIAL INEQUALITIES PRODUCED ON A CONTINUOUS BASIS

Question 5

NASH (1990)

Answer 5

CRITIQUE

“schools will exclude those ill-endowed with cultural capital” “ambiguous” theories of habitus