Section C Flashcards
Describe how the Ancient Olympic Games were used as a blueprint for the Modern Olympic
Games.
1 held every four years;
2 festival of sport OR sporting and cultural event;
3 opening ceremony;
4 oath taken by all athletes;
5 events (from ancient OG) were adopted in early modern OG OR athletic
events / wrestling;
6 heralds proclaiming ancient OG were adapted to Olympic torch to publicise
modern OG;
7 ideals of peace and harmony between nations promoted;
8 fair-play ideals promoted;
9 women not allowed to take part (in early modern OG);
10 victory ceremonies OR medals replaced olive wreaths;
Describe the role of the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
1 promotes (ideals of) Olympism / fair play;
2 in charge of bidding process OR selects host city OR ensures Olympic Games
take place (every 4 years);
3 decides which sports are included;
4 encourages education of youth through sport / increase participation in sport /
cultural development;
5 act against discrimination / inequality in sport;
6 lead fight against doping in sport;
7 protect health / welfare of athletes;
8 protect the Olympic movement from political / commercial abuse;
9 support activities of International Olympic Academy;
10 promote positive legacy;
11 show concern for environmental issues;
Describe the terrorist attack that took place at the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich
1 by Palestinian terrorists;
2 « on Israeli athletes;
3 « in the Olympic village;
4 (Israeli) athletes killed (during attack);
5 (Israeli) athletes taken hostage;
6 during a rescue attempt« (by German police at Munich airport);
7 «(all) the (Israeli) athletes / hostages were killed (by the terrorists);
8 terrorists were killed or (German) policeman killed;
9 Olympic Games continued;
10 Israel / other countries withdrew from Games;
Outline how different nations have used the Olympic Games to promote a particular ideology
and enhance national prestige.
1 Berlin (1936) used to promote Aryan / racial supremacy OR strength of Nazi
Germany;
2 East Germany / Soviet Union / China medal success used to promote
communism;
3 boycott by nations objecting to apartheid in South Africa;
4 boycott by many countries objecting to invasion of Afghanistan by Soviet Union;
5 LA (1984) / Atlanta (1996) / USA promote Western ideals / capitalism /
americanisation;
6 Montreal (1976) China put pressure on IOC to refuse Taiwan entry OR nonrecognition of Taiwan as a country by China;
7 (2008) Beijing – used to enhance China’s cultural and economic standing in the
world;
Sources of funding for an athlete hoping to compete at the Olympic Games include
sponsorship, grants and bursaries.
Describe each of these sources of funding.
(sponsorship) support for an athlete by a private body / company / commercial
organisation;
2 (grant) support from a public / government body (e.g. lottery);
3 (bursary) support for an athlete to gain access to elite facilities / university /
centre of excellence in sport;
Outline the main features of the Olympic Oath created in 2000.
1 taken by athletes representing each / every country;
2 taken by officials from each / every country;
3 to respect / abide by rules;
4 without doping / drugs (first time this had been included in the oath);
5 in spirit of sportsmanship / fair play;
6 for the glory of sport;
7 and the honour of the team;
8 (oath taken) while holding (a corner of) Olympic flag;
9 (usually) in language of the host city;
Explain what is meant by the term spiral of extravagance in relation to the staging of the
Olympic Games.
1 increasing cost of hosting the Olympic Games;
2 need to outbid other potential cities OR outdo previous Olympic Games;
3 cost of building world-class facilities / transport infrastructure;
4 government funding / support for projects;
5 backdrop of economic recession / reduced funding for other schemes;
6 massive sponsorship deals / merchandising / ticket prices;
7 and broadcasting rights fund the Games;
