Section B - Freedom versus Slavery Flashcards
1
Q
What was the Transatlantic Triangular trade?
A
- Trade between 16c and 19c connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
- included a three-legged pattern: Europe to Africa, Africa to Americas, Americas to Europe
2
Q
What/when was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
A
- June 1494
- between Spain and Portugal, which drew an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean with lands to the west assigned to Spain and all lands east to Portugal
3
Q
Tell me about the transition of servitude to slavery in the Chesapeake?
A
- Centred on colonies in Virginia and Maryland
- Africas first arrived in Virginia in 1619
- firstly treated as indentured servants who could get freedom
- Late 17c laws began to formalise race-based slavery defining Africans as property
4
Q
What was the Royal African Company 1660?
A
- charted by King Charles III to trade gold and silver
- quickly shifted to lsave trade
- granted monoploy over west coast of africa
- helped to estab. patters on trade in Americas
5
Q
What/when was Bacon’s Rebellion?
A
- 1676
- led by Nathanial Bacon
- Forces marched on Jamestown
- Bacon’s death in October 1676 led to collapse
- LT consequence resulted shift in labour practices, indentured servants ditched for permanent slaves
- oversight of the crown
6
Q
What was the 1735 Negro Act?
A
- act passed by South Carolina General Assembly to insitutionalise racism and create a rigid slavery system e.g. curfews, no gatherings etc…
7
Q
What/when was the Stono Rebellion?
A
- 1739
- caused by oppressive conditions, combined with the knowledge of freedom in Spanish Florida
- Spanish offered freedom to British slaves
- led by Cato
- led to tightening of slave codes e.g. the Negro Act of 1740 restricted slave assembly and ecucation
8
Q
Who was Francisco Menédex?
A
- African-bron man who escaped to Spanish Florida
- His military and leadership skills became vital estab. Of free black community serving as commander of Fort Mose.
- Fort Mose in 1738, granted by Spanish governor of Florida, was first free black settlement legally sanctioned in US becoming a haven for free slaves
9
Q
PS for slavery?
A
- Report on the Stono Rebellion, 1739
- ‘Sometime since there was a Proclomation published at Augustine [Spanish Florida], in which the King of Spain (then at Peace with Great Britain) promised Protection and freedom to all Negroes Slaves that would resort thither’
10
Q
What does Barbera Fields note about historiography surrounding slavery?
A
- ‘Probably a majoity of American historians think of slavery in the United States as primarily a system of race relations - as though the chief business of slavery were the production of white supremacy rather than the production of cotton, sugar, rice and tobacco. One historian has gone so far as to call slavery ‘the ultimate segregator, He does not ask why Europeans seeking the ‘ultimate’ method of segregating Africans would go to the trouble and expense of transporting them across the ocean for that purpose , when they could have achieved the same end so much more simply by leaving the Africans in Africa.’
- ‘Scholars occasionally maintain that English indentured servants escape the fate while Africans fell victim to it because European would go only so far and no farther in oppressing people of their own colour. But they really only believe such folklore when they are floating in the twilight world of racial ideology…They know that Europeans held other Europeans in both slavery and serfdom, and that the law in Tudor England provided for the enslavement of vagabonds’
11
Q
What does E. Morgan note about the historiography and history of slavery?
A
- ‘American historians interested in tracing the rise of liberty, democracy, and the common man have been challenged in the past two decade by other historians, interested in tracing the history of oppression, exploitation, and racism.’
- ‘To the very large degree it may be said that the Americans brought their independence with slave labor’
