Section A : Rio part Flashcards
Why is Rio important nationally and internationally?
- Brazil’s mosti mportant industrial centre, produces 5% of Brazils GDP
- Important in manufacturing and services
- Transport hub with 3 airports and 5 ports
Migration in Rio
From Rural Brazil, South America, China, South Korea
- Job opportunities
- Better living conditions
- Better pay
- Better facilities
Rio’s Zones
North Zone : Very industrialised, many favelas
Centro : Financial center, oldest part
South Zone : Tourist focussed and very wealthy, Copacabana Beach
West Zone : Mix of wealthier, (Barra du Tijuca) and more industrial (Campo Grande) areas
Healthcare Challenges , Opportunities and Solutions
- 6 hospitals so better healthcare than in countryside
- 55% of families had access to health clinic in 2013
- Life expectancy and healthcare varies widely between different areas
- Very poor services for pregnant women and elderly
- Santa Marta : A remote favela, Med kits into people’s homes for treatment of disease
Education Challenges and opportunities and Solutions
- 90% of Children aged 10 are illiterate
- 25% of poorest children do not go to school and only half the children continue their education beyond age of 14
- Schools funded to cover the costs of schooling, private university in Rocinha, free sports lessons
Water Supply Challenges Opportunities and Solutions
- Higher access to water in urbanised areas than rural areas
- 12% of population did not have access to running water, HOWEVER 5% NOW THOUGH
- 37% of water lost through leaky pipes, fraud and illegal access
- Rio is severely affected by droughts
- 1998-2014, 7 new water treatment plants were built with over 300km of pipes laid
Energy Challenges Opportunities and Solutions
- 3X more people have access to electricity in urban areas than in rural areas
- Blackouts due to poor supply
- In Favelas, many people illegally tap into mains
- 60km of power lines, nuclear generator and hydroelectric complexes built
Economic Opportunities (formal sector)
- Ports
- Manufacturing
- Public Services (66%)
- Service industries
- Construction
Economic Challenges
- Unemployment over 20% in Favelas
- Most working in informal economy
- Government attempting to educate children to reduce this
Informal Economy
- Work done without official government knowledge, NO TAX PAID
- Poor, irregular pay
- Eg. Street Vendors
Air Pollution
- 40% more cars in last decade
- Congestion causes smog
Water Pollution
- Guanabara Bay highly polluted
- Polluted rivers flowing in
- Poor sewage system, so contamination happens
- Ships dump excess fuel
- 200 tonnes of sewage, 50 tonnes of industrial waste enter the Bay every day
- 12 new sewage treatment works built, with 5km of pipes laid
- Ships fined for dumping fuel
Waste Pollution
- Favelas built on steep slopes, so difficult to access
- Waste is dumped leading to vermin and disease
- Power plants burning waste were set up, consuming 30 tonnes of waste a day
Where are Favelas located?
- 60% in Suburbs
- 25% in outer parts of city
- Some built up to 40km away from city centre
- 22% OF RIO’S POPULATION LIVES IN FAVELAS
Improvements to Rocinha
Largest Favela in Rio
- 90% of homes built with brick and have electricity
- TVs Fridges
- McDonalds
- Schools, health facilities, private university
