Section A Flashcards
Name the hooks on the rear wings of the honey bee
Hamuli
Where does gaseous exchange occur in the honey bee
Tracheoles
Haemolymph
What is the name given to the valves of the bee’s heart
Ostia
Name the large muscles that enable the bee to fly
Indirect Flight Muscles
Dorsoventral muscles in the mesothorax (largest ones)
Longitudinal muscles attached to the mesoscutum
How many pairs of spiracles does an adult bee have
10 (ten)
What is the function of the sensilla basiconica
Taste
Name an organ which is normally smaller in summer bees than in winter bees
Fat Body
Which section of the hind leg of the worker honey bee carries the corbicula
Tibia
What is produced at the tergum of A7 on a worker bee
Nasonov Pheromone from Nasonov Gland
Name the active constituent of the alarm pheromone released when the sting is extended
Isopentyl acetate
Waste passes through the rectum then is expelled through the anus which empties out through abdominal segment number ___.
10
The valve at the anterior end of the ventriculus is called the _______ .
Proventriculus
Which of the following is not a function of the haemolymph?
Transport of Pheromones
The dorsal and ventral diaphragms are connected to the ________ of the tergites and sternites
Apodemes
The only spiracle pair that does not have a valve to open and close it, is located in:
T2
How many air sacs are there in the head?
3 Pairs
Tracheoles can be as small as:
0.1 micron
Digestion is primarily performed by enzymes
True
The ____ in the ____ diffuses into the haemolymph and then into the _____ .
Oxygen
Traceoles
Cells
The two parts of the haemolymph are
____ and _____ .
Plasma
Haemocytes
What is the term used to describe moulting in honey bee larvae
Apolysis
How many malpighian tubules are there in a honey bee larva
4 (Four)
What does the term proximal mean
Nearer to the centre (trunk of the body) or
to the point of attachment to the body
Name the large muscles that enable the bee to fly
Dorsoventral
Longitudinal
Where is the cibarium
In the mouth cavity in front and below the pharynx
(together the cibarium and pharynx form one cavity)
Where is the Arnhart gland located
The fifth tarsomere of each leg
Name the tergite glands of the queen that produce pheromones
Renner-Baumann
What are plumose hairs
Branched body hairs
(enabling the bee to trap pollen grains more effectively)
Sensilla basiconica on the antenna are used to sense what
Taste
How many ostia does a bee have
5 pairs
10 in total
Name the organs that control Nitrogen excretions
Malpighian Tubules
Name the photopigment in an ommatidium
Rhodopsin
Which enzyme breaks down starch
Diastase (amylase)
Name one gland commonly referred to as a “labial gland”
Post-Cerebral Gland
What is glucose oxidase
An Enzyme that converts glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide
How many malphigian tubules does a larva have
Four
A ramus is part of which structure
The Sting
Name an Endocrine Gland
Corpora Allata
Corpora Cardiaca
Prothoracic Glands
Name the tough wall surrounding the egg
Chorion
Name the constriction between the thorax and abdomen
The Petiole
How many ommatidia are present in each compound eye of a worker bee
4000 - 6900
Queen 3000
Drone 8600
Juvenile Hormone is secreted by what organ
Corpora Allata
Name the fat body cells which are only found in the larva and pupa
Urate
Precisely where on a bee is the labellum (flabellum) located
The far end of the glossa
Name the valve at the anterior end of the ventriculus
Proventriculus
Where are the corpora pedunculata found
Mushroom bodies or corpora pedunculata are a pair of structures in the dorsal part of the brain (protocerebrum)
How many ovarioles are there in the ovary of a laying worker
2 - 12
What significant reference book was written by R.E. Snodgrass
Anatomy of the Honeybee
Which gland secretes the hormone ecdysone
Prothoracic gland
Where is the pedicel
Between the scape and flagellum of the antenna
What substance in food encourages a queen larva to eat more
Sugar
Where is the spinneret located
Between the labium and the hypopharynx of the larvae
What are the hamuli
Hooks on the hind wing that connect into a fold on the rear edge of the front wing
What are the large muscles in the thorax called
Indirect flight muscles
Longitudinal & Dorsoventral
Where is the valve fold located
In the queen’s vagina opposite the spermatheca duct
Where is the antenna cleaner found
On each of the front legs. Notch on the inside at the base (nearest the body) of the basitarsus with the fibula attached to the distal end of the tibia.
How many pairs of spiracles does a honey bee have
10 pairs
Name an enzyme added to nectar by a honey bee
Sucrase
Where is semen stored in a drone
Seminal Vesicle
Which gland produces the pheromone containing Geraniol
Nasonov gland
Which type of sensilla give the bee its gustatory sense (sense of taste)
Sensilla Basiconica
What is the function of the Rhabdom in an ommatidium
Resolving wavelength and plane of polarization.
Name one major function of the ocelli
Sensing UV light
Where in the queen is the sperm stored
Spermatheca
What is the function of the peritrophic membrane
supports the digestive processes in the gut and the protection from invasion by micro-organisms and parasites
Which enzyme converts glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide
Glucose Oxidase
Why are queens and workers considered as castes
Due to the two functions that female bees perform within the colony.
Name the shield shaped area of the honey bees head below the antenna
Clypeus
How many sections make up the flagellum of the Drone
11
Name the valve between the ventriculus and the small intestine
Pyloric valve
Name a pigment in the ommatidium reacting to light
Rhodopsin
What is the anatomical name of the flattened hollow at the end of the basitarsus known as the pollen press
Auricle
name the tergite glands of the queen which produce pheromones
Renner-Baumann
What is the name of the hormone that initiates larval moulting
Ecdysone
Which two glands produce brood food
Hypopharyngeal & Mandibular
What type of haemocyte engulfs foreign bodies
Phagocytes
Name the hard substance which gives the cuticle of the bee its dark colour
Sclerotin
Which section of the hind leg of the worker honey bee carries the corbicula
Tibia
Which type of sense organ detects smell
Sensilla Placodea
In which organ is the peritrophic membrane produced
Ventriculus
Which hormone is believed to be key to the development of a larva into a queen
Juvenile Hormone
Name the aperture through which spermatozoa enter a honeybee egg
Micropyle
Of which structure is the oblong plate a part
The Sting
How many moults will a developing honey bee undergo
six moults
The first moult is the egg hatching, moults 2-4 occur during the first few days of larval feeding. Moult 5 is the change from the pre-pupal capped larva to the pupa and the final moult occurs at emergence.
The exocuticle is composed mainly of what substance
Chitin
How many ocelli does a queen have
3
Name the main component of the bee venom
Melittin
Name the two glands commonly referred to as “labial glands”
Post-Cerebral
Thoracic
What are the neurosecretary cells, corpora allata, corpora cardiaca and the prothoracic glands
The Endocrine System
When is the final development of the spermatozoa completed in the drone
When they have embedded their heads in the epithelium within the seminal vesicule and take their final form
What structures prevent the trachea from collapsing
Taenidia
Name the cells responsible for the protein synthesis of the proteins found in the haemolymph
Fat Bodies - Trophocytes
Where are the umbrella valves located in the honey bee
The Sting
Name the protein found in fat cells of adult workers in winter
Vitellogenin
What is the name given to segment A1 of the honey bee
Propodeum
