Section 9.1 Flashcards
A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without n electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid
fermentation
A catabolic pathway for organic molecules using oxygen as the final electron acceptor in an electron transport chain and ultimately producing ATP. This is the most efficient catabolic pathway and is carried out in most eukaryotic cells and many prokaryotic organisms.
aerobic respiration
The catabolic pathways or aerobic and anaerobic respiration, which break down organic molecules and use an electron transport chain for the production of ATP
cellular respiration
A chemical reaction involving the complete or partial transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another
redox reaction
the complete or partial addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction
reduction
The complete or partial loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction
oxidation
the electron donor in a redox reaction
reducing agent
The electron acceptor in a redox reaciton
oxidizing agent
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide a coenzyme that cycles easily between oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) states thus acting as an electron carrier
NAD+
a sequence of electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons down a series of redox reactions that release energy used to male ATP
electron transport chain
A chemical cycle involoving eight steps thatcompletes the matabolic breakdown of glucose molecules begun in glycolysis by oxidizing acetyl CoA to carbon dioxide
citric acid cycle
the production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain
oxidative phosphorylation
the enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism
substrate level phosphorylation
