Section 8: Anatomical Integration and Application Flashcards
A term representing the relative ranges of motion allowed at a joint.
Joint Flexibility
Angle through which a joint moves from anatomical position to the extreme limit of segment motion in a particular direction.
Range of Motion
The range of motion present when a body segment is passively moved and held at the end point of joint range of motion.
Static Flexibility
The range of motion that can be achieved by actively moving a body segment by virtue of contraction of the opposing (antagonist) muscle group.
Dynamic Flexibility
Stretching of muscles, tendons, and ligaments produced by active development of tension in the antagonist muscles.
Active stretching
Stretching of muscles, tendons, and ligaments produced by a stretching force other than tension in the antagonist muscles.
Passive stretching
A series of quick, bouncing-type stretches
Ballistic stretching
Maintaining a slow, controlled, sustained stretch over time, usually about 30 seconds.
Static stretching
A stretch involving controlled, rather than bouncing motion.
Dynamic Stretching
A group of stretching procedures involving alternating contraction and relaxation of muscles being stretched.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
Injuries caused by abnormal displacement or twisting of the articulating bones that results in stretching or tearing of ligaments, tendons, and connective tissues crossing a joint.
Sprains
Displacement of the articulating bones at a joint.
Dislocation
The inflammation of bursae caused by overuse-type, repetitive, minor impacts on the area.
Bursitis
A pathology involving joint inflammation accompanied by pain and swelling.
Arthritis
An autoimmune disorder which inflames and thickens the synovial membranes and breaks down articular cartilage, resulting in limitation of motion and eventual ossification of the articulating bones.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A degenerative joint disease that affects over 25% of the population over 18. Its cause is usually unknown.
Osteoarthritis
Reduced capacity of muscle fibers to produce force, even in the presence of motor neuron excitation.
Muscle fatigue
When muscular effort is applied to move a resistance such as a body or object.
Sustained Force
Movement that occurs without muscular effort.
Passive movement
Rapid and relatively vigorous motion.
Ballistic motion
First phase of ballistic motion
Concentric activity in agonists
Second phase of ballistic motion
Coasting/passive motion
Final phase of ballistic motion
Eccentric activity in antagonists
Motion used in activities that are characterized by slow, controlled speed
Guided motion
