Section 7 - Matter Flashcards
What ks the specific heat capacity of a material?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kg of that material by 1 degree
What is the specific latent heat of a material?
The amount of energy needed to change the state of one kg of the material
At what point is absolute zero?
-273 °C
How do you convert from kelvin to Celsius?
Minus 273
What does a low spring constant of a spring mean?
The spring is easily stretched
What is the point called when a spring is permanently stretched?
Elastic limit
What is the point called when the relationship between force and extension is no longer linear?
Limit of proportionality
Why does fluid pressure increase with depth?
The weight of the particles above adds to the pressure
What causes an object to float?
If the upthrust acting on an object is equal to its weight
What causes upthrust?
The particles in the fluid colliding with object and pushing it up.
How does a gas create pressure?
Gas particles move around randomly. The more energy they nave the faster they move, so the higher chance they collide with the side of the container. When a particle collides with the side of the container, it will exert a force.
What happens to particles at absolute zero?
They stop moving
How are pressure and volume related?
They are inversely proportional to each other
Why does increasing the temperature of a gas inside a container increase pressure?
The more energy the particles have the more they move around at a faster speed. This increases the chance of the particles colliding with the side of the container and when they do they collide with more force.
Why does a bubble get larger as it rises in water?
As the bubble rises the pressure exerted on it decreases. This means the pressure outwards from the bubble is larger then that pushing inwards. The bubble will expand until both pressures reach an equilibrium.
What does it mean when an object has been elastically distorted?
It has changed shape, but will return to its original shape once the force has been removed.
What is the elastic limit of an object?
The point where an object has been stretched so far it will not return to its original shape.
What is the limit of proportionality of an object?
The point where the object no longer stretches proportionally to the force applied to it.
How is extension of a spring related to its force before the limit of proportionality?
Directly proportional
What affects fluid pressure?
Depth and density
How much water will an object displace when placed in water?
The amount of water equal to the weight of the object
What does the density if an object need to be in order of it to float?
The density of the object needs to be lower than that of the fluid
What happens to the pressure when you increase the volume of a gas?
Pressure goes down
What happens when you increase the temperature of a fixed volume gas?
The pressure increases
