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English Vocab 2 > Section 7 > Flashcards

Section 7 Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Irregularities in the heartbeat.

A

arrhythmias

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2
Q

Turbulent blood flow through a defective valve makes this sound.

A

murmur

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3
Q

A healthy heart has 60-100 of these a minute.

A

beats

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4
Q

Coronary heart disease is due to ___ supply of blood to the heart.

A

restricted

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5
Q

The surgeon does this when he joins a piece of vein to the heart.

A

grafts

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6
Q

Atherosclerosis is a build up of fatty ___.

A

deposits

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7
Q

A completely new heart!

A

transplant

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8
Q

Insufficient ___ and smoking can contribute to heart disease.

A

exercise

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9
Q

A gripping angina chest pain sometimes ___ down the arms.

A

radiates

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10
Q

Air or liquid are used to ___ the balloon in angioplasty.

A

inflate

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11
Q

A section of the patient’s saphenous vein is normally used in ___ surgery.

A

bypass

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12
Q

The opposite of widening.

A

narrowing

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13
Q

Complete stoppage of the heart.

A

arrest

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14
Q

Inflammation of the heart muscle.

A

myocarditis

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15
Q

Tachycardia is a rapid ___.

A

pulse

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16
Q

Death of a muscle due to lack of blood.

A

infarction

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17
Q

Battery-operated device to make the heart beat normally.

A

pacemaker

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18
Q

___ veins are caused by defective valves in deep lower leg veins.

A

varicose

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19
Q

Angina pectoris chest pains are usually brought on by ___.

A

exertion

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20
Q

Platelets and blood cells which collect on one site will cause this.

A

clot

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21
Q

The person who provides a replacement heart.

A

donor

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22
Q

One of these in a coronary artery will cause the muscle it supplies to die.

A

blockage

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23
Q

Abnormal swelling in a weakened arterial wall.

A

aneurysm

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24
Q

A condition in which a valve outlet is too narrow.

A

stenosis

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25
Q

It thickens arterial walls and narrows the artery.

A

plaque

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26
Q

Because the muscles of the diaphragm are weak, a small part of the stomach has come through it.

A

hiatus hernia

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27
Q

What we’re going to do is remove the part of the stomach which is diseased.

A

partial gastrectomy

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28
Q

The combination of alcohol and smoking is causing inflammation of the stomach lining.

A

gastritis

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29
Q

The acids in the stomach have attacked the stomach lining and burrowed into the wall.

A

peptic ulcer

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30
Q

The liver has been seriously damaged by too much alcohol.

A

cirrhosis

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31
Q

A gall stone from the gallbladder has become stuck in the narrow tube and caused infection of the bile duct.

A

cholangitis

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32
Q

This is a small sac between the pancreas and the stomach which has filled with fluid.

A

pseudocyst

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33
Q

Because of the long history of problems with gallstones, it would be best to remove the gallbladder.

A

cholecystectomy

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34
Q

Some parts of the intestine have narrowed and some parts are inflamed and this means that food is not being properly absorbed.

A

Crohn’s disease

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35
Q

Little pouches have been pushed through weak parts of the intestinal wall and become infected and swollen.

A

diverticulitis

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36
Q

The barium X-ray shows that the intestine is normal. A change of diet may help relieve the feelings of bloating, wind and discomfort.

A

irritable bowel syndrome

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37
Q

We’re going to pass a thin, flexible tube through the back passage so we can see what’s causing blood in the faeces.

A

colonoscopy

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38
Q

The intestine has become a bit twisted and is now blocked.

A

volvulus

39
Q

These are swollen blood vessels that are protruding from the lining of the rectum.

A

haemorrhoids

40
Q

A break in a bone.

A

fracture

41
Q

A crack in the surface of a bone.

A

fissure

42
Q

With this kind of break, bones are forced from their normal anatomical position.

A

displaced

43
Q

Following a break, this may be used to stop bones

moving.

A

cast

44
Q

This can be used together with screws when a bone is badly broken in several places.

A

metal plate

45
Q

The force used to pull bones back into alignment.

A

traction

46
Q

There is a loss of this as people grow older.

A

Bone mass

47
Q

Osteomalacia in children is known as this.

A

rickets

48
Q

This disease is also known as osteitis deformans.

A

Paget’s

49
Q

Osteoarthritis in the spine is the erosion of these intervertebral structures.

A

discs

50
Q

An abnormal curve of the spine may be due to this.

A

bad posture

51
Q

This injury is usually the result of a car accident when the neck is suddenly forced forward and then backward.

A

whiplash

52
Q

This injury is the partial tearing of a ligament.

A

sprain

53
Q

A drastic shift of two bone ends out of their normal position.

A

dislocation

54
Q

With this condition uric acid collects in a synovial joint forming crystals.

A

gout

55
Q

An artificial joint.

A

prosthesic

56
Q

A surgeon performing a hip joint replacement eperation uses this instrument to shape the cavity in the pelvic bone for the femoral head.

A

reamer

57
Q

An epileptic seizure is ___, (controlled) chaotic electrical activity in the brain. It alters consciousness and may bring on ___ (voluntary) movements. Epilepsy may be the result of chemical ___ (balance) but more often the cause is ___ (known).

A

uncontrolled

involuntary

imbalance

unknown

58
Q

In a grand mal epileptic seizure, the victim falls to the ground ___ (conscious) and makes twitching movements which may last for several minutes. In a petit mal seizure, the victim may be ____ (aware) of things around him for up to thirty seconds but seldom loses consciousness.

A

unconscious

unaware

59
Q

In temporal lobe epilepsy, a seizure may result in the victim having ___ (rational) feelings of anger or fear.

A

irrational

60
Q

One of the most common ___ (abling) disorders of the nervous system among young people is multiple sclerosis.

A

disabling

61
Q

Parkinson’s disease is a ___ (generative) condition of the brain causing weakness and stiffness of the muscles.

A

degenerative

62
Q

People with dementia lose their memory of recent events and become ___ (interested) in their appearance. In the later stages of dementia, patients may become bedridden and ___ (continent).

A

uninterested / disinterested

incontinent

63
Q

Alzheimer’s disease shows an ___ (normal) production of the protein amyloid.

A

abnormal

64
Q

Some drugs can slow the progress of Alzheimer’s disease but it is ___ (curable).

A

incurable

65
Q

Following a stroke, many patients are left with some sort of ___ (ability).

A

disability

66
Q

Brain cells starved of blood are ___ (able) to communicate with the parts of the body they are responsible for.

A

unable

67
Q

A blow to the head could prove fatal if internal bleeding goes ___ (detected).

A

undetected

68
Q

Pleural effusion can cause excess ___ to build up between the two pleura membrane layers.

A

fluid

69
Q

A child with tonsillitis may find it difficult to ___.

A

swallow

70
Q

Lung cancer may be the result of inhaled ___ such as coal dust, asbestos and tobacco smoke.

A

irritants

71
Q

In the majority of cases of lung cancer, the ___ begins to grow in the bronchi.

A

tumour

72
Q

A patient suffering from bronchitis may have a cough and feel breathless and their voice may be ___.

A

hoarse

73
Q

A cough is the body’s way of clearing excess ___.

A

mucus

74
Q

Emphysema is a condition where the alveoli become overstretched and then ___.

A

rupture

75
Q

A common cold frequently leads to a ___ nose

A

congested

76
Q

Drugs to treat asthma may be administered in a ___ which disperses the drug as a fine mist.

A

nebulizer

77
Q

Mast-cell ___ are given to inhibit histamine production by the mast cells.

A

stabilizers

78
Q

Asbestosis is one disease caused by inhaling ___ which lead to irreversible ___.

A

dust particles

scarring

79
Q

Asbestosis and silicosis are examples of ___diseases resulting from a work environment.

A

occupational

80
Q

Increased sponginess of the nail bed, an increase in the curve of a nail and increased bulk over the terminal phalanges are physical signs of finger ___. Many patients showing these signs have pulmonary disease.

A

clubbing

81
Q

When collapsed small airways open during inspiration, short explosive sounds called ___ can be heard.

A

crackles

82
Q

I’d like you to go for a mammogram ___.

A

which is a simple X-ray of the breast

83
Q

I’m going to remove the tumor ___.

A

together with a small area of the surrounding tissue

84
Q

I feel the heavy periods and discomfort which you’re experiencing ___.

A

are being caused by several large fibroids

85
Q

The ligaments that hold the uterus in place have become rather stretched, ___.

A

so the uterus has dropped a bit.

86
Q

After the hysterectomy operation you can expect ___.

A

to make a good recovery within five or six weeks.

87
Q

I’m going to use a laparoscope which is a very thin flexible viewing tube ___.

A

to examine the abdominal cavity.

88
Q

Quite a bit of fluid has accumulated around the testis and ___.

A

I feel we should try to draw it out

89
Q

The ultrasound scan has confirmed that ___.

A

there is cancer of the right testicle.

90
Q

It’s quite common to find that the prostate gland ___.

A

has enlarged in men over the age of fifty

91
Q

The pain you’ve been experiencing on urination is___.

A

due to a rather serious bacterial infection of the urethra

92
Q

I’d like to start you on a course of acyclovir for genital herpes but aspirin and warm salty baths ___.

A

should provide some relief from the pain and discomfort.

93
Q

As you’ve been trying to conceive for some time now ___.

A

I think we should carry out tests to confirm that you are ovulating

English Vocab 2 (5 decks)

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