Section 7 Flashcards
1
Q
Irregularities in the heartbeat.
A
arrhythmias
2
Q
Turbulent blood flow through a defective valve makes this sound.
A
murmur
3
Q
A healthy heart has 60-100 of these a minute.
A
beats
4
Q
Coronary heart disease is due to ___ supply of blood to the heart.
A
restricted
5
Q
The surgeon does this when he joins a piece of vein to the heart.
A
grafts
6
Q
Atherosclerosis is a build up of fatty ___.
A
deposits
7
Q
A completely new heart!
A
transplant
8
Q
Insufficient ___ and smoking can contribute to heart disease.
A
exercise
9
Q
A gripping angina chest pain sometimes ___ down the arms.
A
radiates
10
Q
Air or liquid are used to ___ the balloon in angioplasty.
A
inflate
11
Q
A section of the patient’s saphenous vein is normally used in ___ surgery.
A
bypass
12
Q
The opposite of widening.
A
narrowing
13
Q
Complete stoppage of the heart.
A
arrest
14
Q
Inflammation of the heart muscle.
A
myocarditis
15
Q
Tachycardia is a rapid ___.
A
pulse
16
Q
Death of a muscle due to lack of blood.
A
infarction
17
Q
Battery-operated device to make the heart beat normally.
A
pacemaker
18
Q
___ veins are caused by defective valves in deep lower leg veins.
A
varicose
19
Q
Angina pectoris chest pains are usually brought on by ___.
A
exertion
20
Q
Platelets and blood cells which collect on one site will cause this.
A
clot
21
Q
The person who provides a replacement heart.
A
donor
22
Q
One of these in a coronary artery will cause the muscle it supplies to die.
A
blockage
23
Q
Abnormal swelling in a weakened arterial wall.
A
aneurysm
24
Q
A condition in which a valve outlet is too narrow.
A
stenosis
25
It thickens arterial walls and narrows the artery.
plaque
26
Because the muscles of the diaphragm are weak, a small part of the stomach has come through it.
hiatus hernia
27
What we're going to do is remove the part of the stomach which is diseased.
partial gastrectomy
28
The combination of alcohol and smoking is causing inflammation of the stomach lining.
gastritis
29
The acids in the stomach have attacked the stomach lining and burrowed into the wall.
peptic ulcer
30
The liver has been seriously damaged by too much alcohol.
cirrhosis
31
A gall stone from the gallbladder has become stuck in the narrow tube and caused infection of the bile duct.
cholangitis
32
This is a small sac between the pancreas and the stomach which has filled with fluid.
pseudocyst
33
Because of the long history of problems with gallstones, it would be best to remove the gallbladder.
cholecystectomy
34
Some parts of the intestine have narrowed and some parts are inflamed and this means that food is not being properly absorbed.
Crohn's disease
35
Little pouches have been pushed through weak parts of the intestinal wall and become infected and swollen.
diverticulitis
36
The barium X-ray shows that the intestine is normal. A change of diet may help relieve the feelings of bloating, wind and discomfort.
irritable bowel syndrome
37
We're going to pass a thin, flexible tube through the back passage so we can see what's causing blood in the faeces.
colonoscopy
38
The intestine has become a bit twisted and is now blocked.
volvulus
39
These are swollen blood vessels that are protruding from the lining of the rectum.
haemorrhoids
40
A break in a bone.
fracture
41
A crack in the surface of a bone.
fissure
42
With this kind of break, bones are forced from their normal anatomical position.
displaced
43
Following a break, this may be used to stop bones
| moving.
cast
44
This can be used together with screws when a bone is badly broken in several places.
metal plate
45
The force used to pull bones back into alignment.
traction
46
There is a loss of this as people grow older.
Bone mass
47
Osteomalacia in children is known as this.
rickets
48
This disease is also known as osteitis deformans.
Paget's
49
Osteoarthritis in the spine is the erosion of these intervertebral structures.
discs
50
An abnormal curve of the spine may be due to this.
bad posture
51
This injury is usually the result of a car accident when the neck is suddenly forced forward and then backward.
whiplash
52
This injury is the partial tearing of a ligament.
sprain
53
A drastic shift of two bone ends out of their normal position.
dislocation
54
With this condition uric acid collects in a synovial joint forming crystals.
gout
55
An artificial joint.
prosthesic
56
A surgeon performing a hip joint replacement eperation uses this instrument to shape the cavity in the pelvic bone for the femoral head.
reamer
57
An epileptic seizure is ___, (controlled) chaotic electrical activity in the brain. It alters consciousness and may bring on ___ (voluntary) movements. Epilepsy may be the result of chemical ___ (balance) but more often the cause is ___ (known).
uncontrolled
involuntary
imbalance
unknown
58
In a grand mal epileptic seizure, the victim falls to the ground ___ (conscious) and makes twitching movements which may last for several minutes. In a petit mal seizure, the victim may be ____ (aware) of things around him for up to thirty seconds but seldom loses consciousness.
unconscious
unaware
59
In temporal lobe epilepsy, a seizure may result in the victim having ___ (rational) feelings of anger or fear.
irrational
60
One of the most common ___ (abling) disorders of the nervous system among young people is multiple sclerosis.
disabling
61
Parkinson's disease is a ___ (generative) condition of the brain causing weakness and stiffness of the muscles.
degenerative
62
People with dementia lose their memory of recent events and become ___ (interested) in their appearance. In the later stages of dementia, patients may become bedridden and ___ (continent).
uninterested / disinterested
incontinent
63
Alzheimer's disease shows an ___ (normal) production of the protein amyloid.
abnormal
64
Some drugs can slow the progress of Alzheimer's disease but it is ___ (curable).
incurable
65
Following a stroke, many patients are left with some sort of ___ (ability).
disability
66
Brain cells starved of blood are ___ (able) to communicate with the parts of the body they are responsible for.
unable
67
A blow to the head could prove fatal if internal bleeding goes ___ (detected).
undetected
68
Pleural effusion can cause excess ___ to build up between the two pleura membrane layers.
fluid
69
A child with tonsillitis may find it difficult to ___.
swallow
70
Lung cancer may be the result of inhaled ___ such as coal dust, asbestos and tobacco smoke.
irritants
71
In the majority of cases of lung cancer, the ___ begins to grow in the bronchi.
tumour
72
A patient suffering from bronchitis may have a cough and feel breathless and their voice may be ___.
hoarse
73
A cough is the body's way of clearing excess ___.
mucus
74
Emphysema is a condition where the alveoli become overstretched and then ___.
rupture
75
A common cold frequently leads to a ___ nose
congested
76
Drugs to treat asthma may be administered in a ___ which disperses the drug as a fine mist.
nebulizer
77
Mast-cell ___ are given to inhibit histamine production by the mast cells.
stabilizers
78
Asbestosis is one disease caused by inhaling ___ which lead to irreversible ___.
dust particles
scarring
79
Asbestosis and silicosis are examples of ___diseases resulting from a work environment.
occupational
80
Increased sponginess of the nail bed, an increase in the curve of a nail and increased bulk over the terminal phalanges are physical signs of finger ___. Many patients showing these signs have pulmonary disease.
clubbing
81
When collapsed small airways open during inspiration, short explosive sounds called ___ can be heard.
crackles
82
I'd like you to go for a mammogram ___.
which is a simple X-ray of the breast
83
I'm going to remove the tumor ___.
together with a small area of the surrounding tissue
84
I feel the heavy periods and discomfort which you're experiencing ___.
are being caused by several large fibroids
85
The ligaments that hold the uterus in place have become rather stretched, ___.
so the uterus has dropped a bit.
86
After the hysterectomy operation you can expect ___.
to make a good recovery within five or six weeks.
87
I'm going to use a laparoscope which is a very thin flexible viewing tube ___.
to examine the abdominal cavity.
88
Quite a bit of fluid has accumulated around the testis and ___.
I feel we should try to draw it out
89
The ultrasound scan has confirmed that ___.
there is cancer of the right testicle.
90
It's quite common to find that the prostate gland ___.
has enlarged in men over the age of fifty
91
The pain you've been experiencing on urination is___.
due to a rather serious bacterial infection of the urethra
92
I'd like to start you on a course of acyclovir for genital herpes but aspirin and warm salty baths ___.
should provide some relief from the pain and discomfort.
93
As you've been trying to conceive for some time now ___.
I think we should carry out tests to confirm that you are ovulating
