Section 7 Flashcards
Step one in identification is to do what?
Develop a suspect
If their was a witness who saw the crime who is it most commonly?
The victim
The ________ can describe to you what the offender looked like. Rough age, height, race, gender, and all these things that witnesses can provide.
Victim
Are witness descriptions always correct?
No
A vehicle description is important in developing a suspect. True or False
True
Was it dark or light, what was the color, was it a car, truck, or suv? All of these are examples of what ?
Vehicle descriptions
Not only is a vehicle description useful so is their?
License plate
In the 21st century, where everyone has a ____ ________ _______ in their pocket it is helpful in determining who committed the crime.
cell phone camera
Surveillance video’s can be useful when developing a suspect. True or False
True
Information from witnesses or people who are aware of who has the ______ or the ___________ to commit the crime.
Motive
opportunity
Example, if a store gets robbed overnight but there is no evidence of a forced break in the owner of the store can tell you what?
Who had the opportunity to commit the crime
Having a key to a store that has been broken into without forced entry could mean that you had the motive or the opportunity to commit the crime. True or False
True
If there is a person who commits crime in a relatively unique way. What does this refer to?
information on MO
Relooking at cases to see if someone else had a similar MO is important in developing a suspect. True or false
True
Pictures that can help you find the suspect are what ?
Composite drawings
Conflicting reports about how well this works. Famous case with Con Edison bomber where they used a _____ _____ to predict and narrow down the suspect pool and the profile ended up being accurate.
Psychological profile
There are times when _________ ________ are not accurate at all when they find the person.
Psychological profile
People tend to commit crime in certain patterns and ways depending on where they live and work and their socioeconomic status as well their race. All of these things dictate where we go and what we do and it applies to criminals as well. This refers to what?
Geographic profile
If we know when and where crimes are happening and we think it is the same person we can put together a _________ ________ to determine where they live, work, and spend a lot of time.
Geographic profile
During identification officers cannot ______ _________ so they use dog whistle terms.
racially profile
Terms that are ostensibly or on the surface are perfectly nondescript or perfectly non-racially motivated but those who know can determine what you really mean.
Dog whistle terms
When politicians say we need to go after urban thugs that is a ____ ______ meaning we should go after young black males.
Dog whistle
African Americans are a group in the United States that are racially profiled a lot. True or False
True
Race can be a factor in a stop. What case?
US V Weaver (1992)
Police officer in an airport knew that young black males were transporting drugs from Los Angeles to Kansas City. A plane was getting ready to depart and he saw a young black male with a large amount of luggage as reasonable suspicion to do a search. The Supreme Court determined that race was used as part of a larger description of a known profile and it was perfectly legal. What case?
US v Weaver (1992)
Race can be part of the reason among others to stop someone. True or False
True
After 9/11 there was a huge racial profiling of people with ____ ______ ______.
Middle Eastern Descent
Pretext stops are illegal. What case?
Whren v US (1996)
Police see a car they want to stop. The reason is not good enough to legally stop it so they follow the car until it does something wrong and pull them over. The Supreme Court ruled this was okay. What case?
Whren V US (1996)
What is the best form of identification?
ID/ Driver’s License
9/11. There were 19 terrorists and between them they had 63 _______ _________.
Driver’s License and Identification cards
After 9/11 they passed what law?
Read ID Act
Why was the real ID Act passed?
all driver’s license among all 50 states must have certain features that make them harder to fake.
If someone does not have an ID what is the next best way to identify them?
Biometrics
Measurements of the body or some piece of the body that is unique to one person. Refers to what?
Biometrics
Your ______ the tips of them. Everything you touch leaves a little oil print on it. Those can be matched close enough to individuals.
Fingers
The back of your eyeball is called what?
Retina
Example, if you shine a light through the pupil you can see the back of your eye and there is a certain pattern of dots and blood vessels, rods and cones, and stuff that are patterns that are unique to the individual. True or False
True
Your retina can be used as a form of identification. True or False
True
What is the part of your eye that has color?
Iris
Can the pattern in your iris be brought down to individuals?
Yes
The distance between your two pupils. The distance between the tip of the nose and the corner of your mouth. This refers to what ?
Facial recognition
You cannot trust the computer to say this is Bob Smith. You must do what?
Human Confirmation
A crime happens and soon afterwards they want to get a confirmation that this is the person who did it. A one-one identification is referred to as what?
Field Identification / Show Ups
No right to Counsel. What case?
US v Ash (1973)
If you are going to be put into one of these show ups as a suspect and the police are going to ask to identify whether you are the person that committed the crime. In this time period do you have the right to counsel?
No
US V Ash (1973)
When you are booked you get a mug shot. We can use yours and others that look similar to do a mug shot lineup and ask the witness which one committed the crime . IF they can immediately pick out the suspects mug shot that is a positive identification. True or False
True
You need at least 6 people. Roughly the same age, race, height, weight, etc…
Mug Shot Line up
