Section 6: Materials & Resources (MR) Flashcards by Ben K

What are the three main issues LEED focuses on for Materials & Resources (MR)?

Conservation of materials
Environmentally, socially, and locally preferable materials
Waste management and reduction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name five strategies for conserving materials throughout a project’s life-cycle

Reuse existing buildings and salvages materials
Plan for smaller, more efficient compact communities
Design smaller, more flexible homes and buildings
Use efficient framing techniques
Promote source reduction in operations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

With advanced framing, studs can now be spaced by how far?

24 inches

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name four strategies to promote sustainable purchasing during design and operations

Identify local sources or environmentally preferable products
Develop a sustainable materials policy
Specify green materials and equipment
Specify green custodial products

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Incineration of waste produces what as a byproduct?

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Landfills tend to produce which potent greenhouse gas?

Methane

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The United States currently recycles approximately what percentage of its solid waste?

32%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name three strategies to reduce waste during construction

Design buildings that produce less waste
Develop a construction waste management policy
Establish a tracking system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name six strategies to reduce waste during during operations and maintenance

Develop a solid waste management policy
Conduct a waste stream audit
3, Maintain a recycling program
Monitor, track, and report
Compost
Provide recycling for durable goods

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is meant by cradle-to-gate?

Analysis of a products partial life-cycle, from resource extraction (cradle), to the factory gate (before it is transported for distribution and sale)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is comingled recycling?

Putting the waste in one container to a facility where it can later be separated into different recyclable components

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the EPA, what is the hierarchy ranking for the most environmentally sound strategies in municipal solid waste?

Source reduction
Reuse
Recycling
Waste-to-energy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is adaptive reuse?

The process of reusing an old site or building for a purpose other than which it was built or designed for

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is cradle-to-grave?

A product that accepts disposal as part of a product’s life cycle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a cradle-to-cradle?

Materials which are perpetually circulated in closed loops – essentially a waste-free product. Both the product and any byproducts have value

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does FSC stand for?

The Forest Stewardship Council

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does EPD stand for?

Environmental Product Declaration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does Environmental Product Declaration do?

Provides a full disclosure of the potential chemicals of concern in products by comparing product ingredients to a wide variety of “hazard” lists published by government authorities and scientific associations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is FSC Chain of Custody?

A tracking system that allows manufacturers and traders to demonstrate that timber comes from a forest that is responsibly managed in accordance with FSC principles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is pre-consumer material?

Material from industry scraps that was diverted from the waste stream and used for other purposes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is post-consumer material?

A waste type produced by the end consumer of a material stream; that is, where the waste producing use did not involve the production of another product

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is post-consumer fiber?

Fiberous waste from municipal waste streams. Examples would be paper or paperboard

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What minimum types of items must be recycled during operations to meet the requirements of the MR prerequisite?

Paper
Corrugated cardboard
Glass
Plastics
Metals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rapidly renewable fiber or animal materials must be grown or raised within what time-frame period?

10 years or less

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the difference between Preconsumer waste and Postconsumer waste?

Pre consumer waste is material left over from the manufacturing process. Post consumer waste is Manufactured products at the end of their useful life

Why does LEED not encourage the reuse of plumbing fixtures?

They have higher water demands

Materials that are made from plants that grow to harvestable maturity in 10 years or less are known as what?

Rapidly renewable materials

Why does LEED not encourage the reuse of windows or window glazing?

Older exterior windows/glazing are energy inefficient

GreenScreen standard is associated wit which LEED system?

Product Disclosure and Optimisation

Which type of material requires a Chain-of-Custody document?

Certified Wood

What is an agrifiber product?

A product made from agriculture fibre such as wheat board or straw board

What is land-clearing debris?

Waste from land-clearing, including soil, vegetation and rocks

Regional materials must be extracted and manufactured within a radius of how far?

100 miles

What are tripping fees?

Waste disposal fees charged by landfills, usually by ton

What ar the two standards which relate to Materials & Resources?

- FSC | - ISO 14021

What does fly ash replace in recycled content for concrete?

Cement

What should be considered first in the construction waste management program?

Reduce the total quantity of waste

Historically, what is the highest construction waste by volume that goes into a landfill?

Wood

Which standard refers to materials with recycled content?

- ISO 14021 - 1999 Environmental Labels and Declarations

Standard ISO 14021 refers to what?

Materials with recycled content

Green Label refers to what?

Carpets, for Indoor Air Quality

Green Seal standard look at what?

VOCs and Indoor Air Quality

A typical commercial construction project generates how many pounds of solid waste per square foot of space?

2.5 pounds

List eight examples of composite wood/or agrifiber products

- Particleboard - Medium density filterboard (MDF) - Plywood - Orientated strand board (OSB) - Wheatboard - Strawboard - Panel substrates - Door cores

List two primary benefits of using regional materials

- Supports the local economy | - Minimises the impacts of transportation

List the three pieces if information required to verify FSC Certified Wood

- The volume of wood used on the project and the exact location where the wood was harvested - The appropriate Chain of Custody (COC) certification number - The name of the product manufacturer

Define elemental mercury

Elemental mercury is a pure mercury (as opposed to a mercury-containing compound), the vapour of which is commonly used in fluorescent and other lamps

Define USDA Organic

USDA Organic is a certification for products that contain at least 95% organically produced ingredients (excluding water and salt)

Define recycling in terms of building construction

Recycling is the collection, reprocessing, marketing, and use of materials that were diverted or recovered from the solid waste stream

What is Fairtrade?

Fairtrade is a certification system overseen by FLO International, which identifies products that meet certain environmental, labor, and development standards

Name a disadvantage of using co-mingled recycling as part of a construction waste management plan

It may be more expensive than site-separated recycling

Regional materials are also known as what?

Locally sources materials

Bamboo, wheat straw, sunflower hulls, cork, linoleum and cotton are all examples of what?

Rapidly Renewable Materials

Define the Chain-of-Custody certification

The COC certification ensures wood has been harvested through a FSC certified source. It is award to companies that process, manufacture, and sell certified wood products

Name three types of recycled materials

- Pre-consumer - Post consumer - Post consumer fiber

What material is the most recycled product in the United States?

Steel

Define "durability" in terms of sustainable construction

The ability of a building or any of its components to perform its required function in a service environment over a period of time without needing unforeseen maintenance or repair

Items having a useful life of 2 years or more without frequent replacement are called what?

Durable goods

At the end of each operating day, what should be placed on the surface of the active face of municipal solid waste landfill to control vectors, fires, doors, blowing litter, and scavenging?

Alternative daily cover

What is the most common way to divert waste from landfills?

Recycling

When strict air quality control measures are enforced, what can be a viable alternative to extracting fossil fuels to produce energy?

Waste-to-energy

List four special types of equipment that is excluded for the Materials & Resources credit calculation

- Elevators - Excavators - Process equipment - Fire suppression systems

Projects must take appropriate measures for the safe collection, storage, and disposal of what three materials?

- Batteries - Lamps (containing mercury) - Electronic waste

What kind of debris cannot be considered as construction, demolition, or renovation waste and cannot contribute to waste diversion?

Land clearing

Define refurbished material

Refurbished materials are products that could have been disposed of as solid waste. These products have completed their life cycle as consumer items and are then refurbished for reuse without substantial alteration of their form

Define pre-consumer material

Pre-consumer material is material diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing process

The percentage of material recycled in a product that is either post consumer or pre consumer recycled content is known as what?

Assembly recycled content

What is the solid residue derived from incineration processes?

Fly ash

What type of material has a low cost per unit and are regular used and replaced in the course of business?

Ongoing consumables

What is the management activity that disposes of waste other than through incineration and the use of landfills?

Waste diversion

The are examples of what? - Particle board - Medium density filterboard (MDF) - Plywood - Orientated strand broad (OSB) - Whatboard

Composite wood and agrifiber products

What is another word for pure mercury?

Elementary mercury

Waste disposal fees charged by landfills are known as what?

Tripping fees

What is an alternative daily cover?

Material that is placed on the surface of the active face of the municipal solid waste landfill at the end of each operating day to control vectors, fires, doors, blowing litter, and scavenging

How is assembly recycled content determined?

Assembly recycled content is determined by dividing the weight of the recycled content by the overall weight of the assembly

Which member of the LEED project team would be responsible documentation of construction waste management?

Contractor

What percentage of mercury containing lamps may be excluded from the purchasing plan?

0%, all mercury containing lamps must be included

List seven examples of rapidly renewable materials

* Cork * Bamboo * Natural Rubber * Wheat * Cotton * Straw * Linseed (linoleum)

What is composite wood?

Composite wood is made from several materials and agrifiber products are made from plant fibers. These materials are: particleboard, medium- density fiberboard (MDF), plywood, oriented-strand board (OSB), wheatboard, strawboard, panel substrates and door cores.

A furnace or container for burning waste materials is known as a what?

Incinerator

Define waste as reference in LEED

In LEED, waste refers to all materials that are capable of being diverted from buildings waste stream