section 5.1-5.3 Flashcards
what body system consists of sweat and oil glands, hairs, and nails?
integumentary system
what is the main function of the integumentary system?
to protect the body
what are the two layers of skin?
epidermis and dermis
what layer of skin is composed of epithelial cells?
epidermis
what layer of skin is the outermost layer?
epidermis
what layer of skin is vascularized?
dermis
what layer of skin makes up the bulk of the skin?
dermis
what layer of skin is tough and leathery?
dermis
what layer of skin is composed of dense connective tissue?
dermis
what lies deep of the skin and is composed of adipose and areolar tissue?
subcutaneous layer
what part of the skin anchors skin to structures?
subcutaneous layer
what part of the skin acts as a shock absorber and an insulator?
subcutaneous layer
name the different cells of the epidermis
- keratinocites
- melanocytes
- dendritic cells
- tactile epithelial cells
what cells of the epidermis produce keratin and are composed of mostly epithelial cells?
keratinocytes
what cells of the epidermis synthesize melanin and are found in the deepest layer of the epidermis?
melanocytes
what cells of the epidermis arise from bone marrow and are key activators in the immune system?
dendritic cells
what cells are aka langerhans cells?
dendritic cells
what cells of the epidermis are aka Menkel cells?
tactile epithelial cells
what cells of the epidermis function as sensory receptors for touch?
tactile epithelial cells
what kind of skin covers areas subject to abrasions?
thick skin
what kind of skin is found on palms, fingertips, and soles of feet?
thick skin
name the layers of the epidermis from outermost to deepest
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granuloseum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
what epidermal layer is the outermost layer and composes 3/4 of epidermal thickness?
stratum corneum
what epidermal layer is found only in thick skin and is made of flat, dead keratinocytes?
stratum lucidum
what epidermal layer is 1-5 cell layers deep and is where keratinization begins?
stratum granulosum
what epidermal layer contains thick bundles of intermediate filaments that are made of pre-keratin?
stratum spinosum
what epidermal layer is the deeper layer and consists of a single row of stem cells?
stratum basale
what epidermal layer is aka stratum germinativum?
stratum basale
what is the process in which cells fill with keratin?
keratinization
during keratinization, what two types of granules are formed?
keratohyaline granules and lamellar granules
what granule contains a water-resistant glucolioid thats secreted into extra cellular space?
lamellar granules
what type of granule helps form keratin in upper layers?
keratohyaline granules
what skin layer is made of strong, flexible, connective tissue?
dermis
what are the two layers of the dermis?
papillary and reticular
what dermal layer is thin and superficial and is made of areolar tissue?
papillary dermis
what dermal layer is laced with collagen and elastic fibers?
papillary dermis
what dermal layer is loose enough to allow for the the movement of phagocytes?
papillary dermis
what dermal layer accounts for 80% of the thickness of the dermis?
reticular dermis
what dermal layer is composed of course, dense, irregular connective tissue?
reticular dermis
what lies between the reticular dermis and the subcutaneous layer?
dermal vascular plexus
what exists between collagen fibers and are less dense regions in the reticular dermis?
cleavage (tension) lines
what indent the overlying epidermis?
dermal papillae
what are peglike projections that lie on dermal ridges on plans or soles of feel?
dermal papillae
what are dermal folds near the joints that can be seen in the deep creases of palms?
flexure lines
what enhances grip and contributes to sense of touch by lamellar corpuscles?
friction ridges
sweat pores in ridges cause what?
fingerprints
