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a&p chapter 5 > section 5.1-5.3 > Flashcards

section 5.1-5.3 Flashcards

1
Q

what body system consists of sweat and oil glands, hairs, and nails?

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

what is the main function of the integumentary system?

A

to protect the body

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3
Q

what are the two layers of skin?

A

epidermis and dermis

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4
Q

what layer of skin is composed of epithelial cells?

A

epidermis

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5
Q

what layer of skin is the outermost layer?

A

epidermis

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6
Q

what layer of skin is vascularized?

A

dermis

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7
Q

what layer of skin makes up the bulk of the skin?

A

dermis

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8
Q

what layer of skin is tough and leathery?

A

dermis

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9
Q

what layer of skin is composed of dense connective tissue?

A

dermis

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10
Q

what lies deep of the skin and is composed of adipose and areolar tissue?

A

subcutaneous layer

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11
Q

what part of the skin anchors skin to structures?

A

subcutaneous layer

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12
Q

what part of the skin acts as a shock absorber and an insulator?

A

subcutaneous layer

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13
Q

name the different cells of the epidermis

A
  1. keratinocites
  2. melanocytes
  3. dendritic cells
  4. tactile epithelial cells
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14
Q

what cells of the epidermis produce keratin and are composed of mostly epithelial cells?

A

keratinocytes

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15
Q

what cells of the epidermis synthesize melanin and are found in the deepest layer of the epidermis?

A

melanocytes

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16
Q

what cells of the epidermis arise from bone marrow and are key activators in the immune system?

A

dendritic cells

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17
Q

what cells are aka langerhans cells?

A

dendritic cells

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18
Q

what cells of the epidermis are aka Menkel cells?

A

tactile epithelial cells

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19
Q

what cells of the epidermis function as sensory receptors for touch?

A

tactile epithelial cells

20
Q

what kind of skin covers areas subject to abrasions?

A

thick skin

21
Q

what kind of skin is found on palms, fingertips, and soles of feet?

A

thick skin

22
Q

name the layers of the epidermis from outermost to deepest

A

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granuloseum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

23
Q

what epidermal layer is the outermost layer and composes 3/4 of epidermal thickness?

A

stratum corneum

24
Q

what epidermal layer is found only in thick skin and is made of flat, dead keratinocytes?

A

stratum lucidum

25
Q

what epidermal layer is 1-5 cell layers deep and is where keratinization begins?

A

stratum granulosum

26
Q

what epidermal layer contains thick bundles of intermediate filaments that are made of pre-keratin?

A

stratum spinosum

27
Q

what epidermal layer is the deeper layer and consists of a single row of stem cells?

A

stratum basale

28
Q

what epidermal layer is aka stratum germinativum?

A

stratum basale

29
Q

what is the process in which cells fill with keratin?

A

keratinization

30
Q

during keratinization, what two types of granules are formed?

A

keratohyaline granules and lamellar granules

31
Q

what granule contains a water-resistant glucolioid thats secreted into extra cellular space?

A

lamellar granules

32
Q

what type of granule helps form keratin in upper layers?

A

keratohyaline granules

33
Q

what skin layer is made of strong, flexible, connective tissue?

A

dermis

34
Q

what are the two layers of the dermis?

A

papillary and reticular

35
Q

what dermal layer is thin and superficial and is made of areolar tissue?

A

papillary dermis

36
Q

what dermal layer is laced with collagen and elastic fibers?

A

papillary dermis

37
Q

what dermal layer is loose enough to allow for the the movement of phagocytes?

A

papillary dermis

38
Q

what dermal layer accounts for 80% of the thickness of the dermis?

A

reticular dermis

39
Q

what dermal layer is composed of course, dense, irregular connective tissue?

A

reticular dermis

40
Q

what lies between the reticular dermis and the subcutaneous layer?

A

dermal vascular plexus

41
Q

what exists between collagen fibers and are less dense regions in the reticular dermis?

A

cleavage (tension) lines

42
Q

what indent the overlying epidermis?

A

dermal papillae

43
Q

what are peglike projections that lie on dermal ridges on plans or soles of feel?

A

dermal papillae

44
Q

what are dermal folds near the joints that can be seen in the deep creases of palms?

A

flexure lines

45
Q

what enhances grip and contributes to sense of touch by lamellar corpuscles?

A

friction ridges

46
Q

sweat pores in ridges cause what?

A

fingerprints

a&p chapter 5 (2 decks)

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