Section 5: EC2 Fundamentals

Question 1

How to create a Budget?

Answer 1

AWS Console->Billing->Budget

Question 2

What does EC2 stand for and what is it?

Answer 2

• EC2 = Elastic Compute Cloud
• Its a virtual machine

Question 3

What is EC2 User Data?

Answer 3

• Bootstrap script which runs when a machine launches.
• The script can only run once at the instance first start.
• Its a a automate boot task for:
  - Installing updates
  - Installing software
  - Downloading common files from the internet
  - Anything you can think of
• The EC2 User Data Script runs with the root user.

Question 4

What are the naming convention for EC2 Instances type?

Answer 4

Example m5.2xlarge

m: instance class
5: generation
2xlarge: size within the instance class

Question 5

Name different EC2 Instance Types

Answer 5

1) General Purpose
- Used for web servers and code repositories
- Balance between compute, memory and networking.

2) Compute Optimize(
- Task that required high performance processors such as:
*Batch processing
* High performance we servers
- Instance name start with “C” Example C6g,C5

3) Memory Optimized
- Systems which required large sets of memory
Use Case:
- High performance relational/non-relational databases
- Distributed web scale cache stores

    - Instance name start with "R" Example R5,R4

4) Storage Optimized
- Systems which requires storage-intensive task.
Use Cases:
- Relational & noSQL Database
- In-memory databases(Redis)

   - Instance start with "I" Example I3

Question 6

Important ports to know

Answer 6

22 = SSH(Secure Shell) - log into a Linux instance
21 = FTP(File TRansfer Protocol) - upload files into a file share
22 = SFTP(Secure File TRansfer Protocol) - upload files using SSH
80 = HTTP - Access unsecured websites
443 = HTTPS - access secured websites
3389 = RDP(remote Desktop Protocol) - log into a Windows instance

Question 7

How to SSH into a Windows 10 machine?

Answer 7

ssh -i C:\Users\Peterv\Downloads\EC2Tutorial.pem ec2-user@13.246.51.11

Question 8

Give different EC2 instance purchasing options

Answer 8

1) On-Demand Instance:
- short workload, predictable pricing
- Pay what you use,billing per seconds after the first minute
- Highest cost but no upfront payment
- No long term commitment
- Recommended for short-term and un-interrupted workloads

2) Reserved:(Minimum 1 year)
- Up to 75% discount compared to On-demand
- Reservation period: to 3 years
- Purchasing options: no upfront,partial upfront,All upfront
-Reserve a specific intsance type.
-Recommended for steady-state usage applications.
3) Spot Instance: short workloads, cheap ,can lose instances(less reliable)
- Can get discount of up to 90% compared to On-demand.
- Instance that you can “lose” at any point of time if your max price is less than the current spot price.
-Most cost-efficient instances in AWS
-Useful batch processing,image processing
-Not Suitable for critical jobs or database.
4) Dedicated Host: book a entire physical server,control intance placement
-Its is a physical server dedicated to you.
- If it is a compliance requirement and you can save cost because you can use your own existing server-bound software licenses.
-Allocated to your account for 3 years period.
-More expensive.
-Useful for software that have complicated license model
-For companies that have strong regulatory or compliance needs

Question 9

What is Spot Fleets?

Answer 9

Spot fleets allow us to automatically request Spot Instances with the lowest price for On-Demand instances