Section 4: Security threats

Question 1

what is malware?

Answer 1

is a type of harmful program that seeks to damage or gain unauthorised accesses to your computer

Question 2

name some examples of malware

Answer 2

virus
worm
trojan
spyware
keylogger
ransomware

Question 3

what is SQL injection?

Answer 3

malicious SQL query is entered into a data input box on a website
if the website is insecure then the SQL query can trick the website into giving unauthorised access to the website’s database

Question 4

what is a DoS attack?

Answer 4

computer repeatedly sends requests to a server to overload a system
server overload will slow the system

Question 5

what is a brute force attack?

Answer 5

every possible combination is tested

Question 6

what is social engineering?

Answer 6

to trick other into revealing personal data by posing as a trusted source

Question 7

what is data interception?

Answer 7

data packets are intercepted on a network by a 3rd party source and copied to a different location

Question 8

what is firewall?

Answer 8

manages incoming and outgoing network traffic
each data packet is checked
blocks malicious sites
blocks unauthorised downloads

Question 9

what are secure passwords?

Answer 9

should contain a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, punctuation, and numbers

Question 10

what are user access levels?

Answer 10

are used to allow only certain users to access and edit particular files

Question 11

what is physical security?

Answer 11

lock
biometric devices e.g. iris scan
key cards / CCTV