Section 4: Full Exam

Question 1

Which movement assessment utilizes weighted pullies to assess a pushing movement?

Answer 1

A standing push assessment utilizes weighted pullies to assess a horizontal pushing movement.

Question 2

What step height is used for the YMCA 3-minute step test?

Answer 2

For the YMCA 3-minute step test, a step height of 12 inches is appropriate.

Question 3

Where is the appropriate location to take a waist circumference measurement?

Answer 3

The location for a waist circumference measurement should be at the narrowest point of the waist, below the rib cage and just above the top of the hip bones. If there is no apparent narrowing of the waist, measure at the navel.

Question 4

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

Answer 4

The upper trapezius is considered overactive in association with shoulder elevation.

Question 5

What are three postural distortion patterns to look for in static postural assessments?

Answer 5

The three postural distortion patterns to be assessed during static postural assessment include the pes planus distortion syndrome (developed by NASM) and the lower and upper crossed syndromes described by Janda.

Question 6

Which postural distortion is characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips?

Answer 6

Pes planus distortion syndrome is characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips.

Question 7

What depth is suggested for the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 7

Squatting to a depth that brings the femur parallel to the ground (roughly the height of a chair) is the goal depth for the overhead squat assessment.

Question 8

What is the best description of a steady-state heart rate?

Answer 8

The VT1 test is an aerobic test, which means that steady-state (SS) heart rate must be attained before any assessment of talking is collected.

Question 9

What term refers to the ability of a test to produce consistent and repeatable results?

Answer 9

Reliability refers to the ability of tests to produce consistent and repeatable results.

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south parking
1st floor
no elevators
left (north) - E1
first check in desk (orthopedic)
Charlotte***

Question 10

Which muscle would be considered under-active, leading to arms falling forward in the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 10

The middle and lower trapezius would be considered under-active in association with the arms falling forward.

Question 11

If Joe takes a 6-second heart rate count on his client and notes 8 beats, what would his client’s heart rate be?

Answer 11

The client’s heart rate would be 80 beats per minute if Joe takes a 6-second heart rate count on his client and notes 8 beats.

Question 12

Which of the following statements defines the chest skin-fold location for men?

Answer 12

A chest measurement for men would be a diagonal skinfold taken half the distance between the anterior axillary line (armpit) and the nipple.

Question 13

Which muscles may be overactive with knee valgus during the single-leg squat?

Answer 13

The adductor complex may be overactive in association with knee valgus.

Question 14

In which BMI category would you classify Mary if she has a BMI of 17.5?

Answer 14

Under?

Question 15

Which of the following is the initial assessment that should be completed prior to starting any exercise or training program?

Answer 15

The health risk assessment is a vital first step in the pre-participation screening process.

Question 16

Which muscle would be considered under-active, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 16

The gluteus maximus would be considered under-active during low-back arching.

Question 17

The standard Jackson and Pollock 3-Site protocol for women requires skin-fold measurements at which of the following sites?

Answer 17

For the Jackson and Pollock 3-site measurement protocol, women are assessed at the triceps, suprailiac, and thigh.

Question 18

Which of the following exercises is typically used to measure muscular endurance of the upper extremities during a pushing movement?

Answer 18

The push-up test is a good measure of upper-extremity muscular endurance during a pushing movement.

Question 19

What do you visualize to detect the movement impairment of knee valgus?

Answer 19

??

Question 20

What population is the VT2 talk test appropriate for?

Answer 20

VT2 testing is only recommended for individuals with performance goals, given the purpose, nature, and intensity required for measuring this physiological marker.

Question 21

The PAR-Q+ and pre-participation process reflects what three health indicators?

Answer 21

An individual’s desired exercise intensity, body composition, and gender

Question 22

In which BMI category would you classify Vincent if he has a BMI of 27?

Answer 22

BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 would be considered overweight.

Question 23

What is the definition of anthropometry?

Answer 23

Anthropometry is the field of study of the measurement of living humans for purposes of understanding physical variation in size, weight, and proportion. Many different anthropometric measures exist, including body fat assessments, body mass index (BMI), and circumference measurements.

Question 24

What is the most valid measurement of aerobic fitness?

Answer 24

The most valid measurement of aerobic fitness is a VO2max test. Oxygen consumption (V̇O2) is a measure of the body’s usage rate of oxygen; it’s the difference between inspired and expired oxygen.

Question 25

What is reached when a talk test during exercise reveals a client to be working at ventilatory threshold 2?

Answer 25

The level at which the body can work at its highest sustainable steady-state intensity for more than a few minutes

Question 26

Which type of assessment measures overall strength, stability, muscular endurance, and agility?

Answer 26

Performance assessments measure overall strength, stability, muscular endurance, and agility.

Question 27

Which muscle would be considered under-active, leading to shoulder elevation during the pulling assessment?

Answer 27

The lower trapezius is considered underactive in association with shoulder elevation.

Question 28

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control?

Answer 28

The pro shuttle test is used to measure lateral acceleration, deceleration, agility, and control.

Question 29

Which muscle or muscles would be considered overactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pulling assessment?

Answer 29

Both the upper trapezius and levator scapula are considered overactive in association with shoulder elevation.

Question 30

Which of the following is not a component that needs to be considered when planning a VT1 test?

Answer 30

Environmental temperature is not a factor that would need to be considered during the VT1 test.

Question 31

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the low back arching during the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 31

The hip flexors would be considered overactive in association with low-back arching.

Question 32

Which of the following tests is used to measure lateral speed and agility?

Answer 32

The LEFT is used to measure lateral speed and agility.

Question 33

Which of the following is a recommendation when assessing skinfold measurements?

Answer 33

Proper skinfold assessments require a minimum of two measurements at each site; each measurement must be within 1 to 2 mm to take an average for that site.

Question 34

When is a muscle considered overactive?

Answer 34

When a muscle is overactive, it is in a state of elevated neural activity (compared to its antagonist muscle), which causes the muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction.

Question 35

Which muscles are typically under-active when the feet turn out?

Answer 35

Anterior and posterior tibialis

Question 36

Into which category would a resting blood pressure score of 128/79 mm Hg fall?

Answer 36

Elevated

Question 37

Which of the following waist-to-hip ratios (WHRs) places Amy (a female) in the high-risk category for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 37

A WHR of 0.88 would place Amy in the high-risk category, as 0.86 or higher for women is considered high risk.

Question 38

Waist circumference acts as an important indicator for diseases such as what?

Answer 38

A circumference is a measure of the girth of body segments (e.g., arm, thigh, waist, and hip), which serves to identify body shape and changes. It also acts as an important indicator of health risks for diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.

Question 39

Which muscles are typically under-active in association with upper crossed syndrome?

Answer 39

The lower trapezius is typically under-active in association with upper crossed syndrome.

Question 40

Which of the following statements describes the abdominal skinfold location?

Answer 40

The correct description for an abdominal skinfold measurement site is a vertical skinfold taken 1 inch (2.54 cm) lateral to the umbilicus (belly button).

Question 41

Which muscles are typically overactive in association with lower crossed syndrome?

Answer 41

The hip flexors and lumbar extensors (low-back muscles) are typically overactive in association with lower crossed syndrome.

Question 42

Which muscles are typically underactive in association with pes planus distortion syndrome?

Answer 42

The anterior and posterior tibialis are typically underactive in association with pes planus distortion syndrome.

Question 43

Which test provides the most personalized assessment of an individual’s true metabolic function?

Answer 43

The ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1) test is an incremental test performed on any device (e.g., treadmill, bicycle) that gradually progresses in intensity level. It relies on the interpretation of the way a person talks to determine a specific event at which the body’s metabolism undergoes a significant change.

Question 44

What is the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, including events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body?

Answer 44

Thermoregulation is the physiological process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal body temperature, through events like sweating to cool the body and shivering to warm the body.

Question 45

What do you visualize to detect the movement impairment shoulder elevation?

Answer 45

The shoulders moving upward toward the ears characterizes shoulder elevation.

Question 46

Which muscle would be considered underactive, leading to shoulder elevation during the pushing assessment?

Answer 46

Lower traps + mid traps

The lower trapezius is considered underactive in association with shoulder elevation.

Question 47

Which muscle would be considered overactive, leading to the excessive forward trunk lean during the overhead squat assessment?

Answer 47

The hip flexors would be considered overactive in association with low-back arching and forward trunk lean.

Question 48

What are the five kinetic chain checkpoints?

Answer 48

The kinetic chain checkpoints are five areas of the body that are monitored during movement assessments and exercise: foot/ankle, knees, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, shoulders, and head/neck

Question 49

Which of the following tests uses recovery heart rate rather than exercising heart rate to evaluate cardio-respiratory fitness levels?

Answer 49

With the YMCA 3-minute step test, cardio-respiratory fitness is evaluated from the recovery heart rate (RHR) rather than from an estimate of V.O2max