Section 4- Food choice Flashcards
What are the 10 factors which influence peoples food choices?
- physical activity (active lifestyle, sports people as a high protein diet is needed to build muscle)
- healthy eating (nutritional value)
- cost of food
- income
- culinary skills
- lifestyle
- seasonality
- availability
- special occasions
- enjoyment
What are the Christian dietary laws?
- lent, Christians choose to give up foods or drinks
- celebrations like hot cross buns on good Friday
What are the Islam dietary laws?
- halal meat as lawful animals are blessed as they are being slaughtered
- cant eat pork
- dont drink alcohol
- fast during ramadan
What are Hindu dietary laws?
- vegetarian
- avoid certain veg like garlic onions and mushrooms
- cows are sacred so avoid eating beef
What are the Judaism dietary laws?
- food must be kosher (slaughtered with quick, painless methods)
- no pig, rabbits, hare, camel
- dairy and meats not cooked together
What are Sikh dietary requirements?
- baptised Sikhs are vegetarian
- only eat what they need to
What are the Buddhism dietary requirements?
- vegetarian or began
- avoid alcohol
- fast from noon until sunrise
What are the dietary needs of Rastafarianism?
- eating pork is forbidden
- diet made up of fresh veg
- dont drink alcohol
How is food choice for some people based on moral and ethical reasons?
- animal welfare: people eat foods they know have been treated ethically like free range products, avoid meat
- working conditions: fairtrade products
- environmental impact: British or local produce, foods in season to support local economy and reduce food miles. fish products caught using sustainable fish methods to avoid damaging ecosystem
- eating naturally: organic foods, without synthetic chemicals, grown using natural fertilisers and natural pest control. avoid buying gm food
Why may people with intolerances or allergies avoid certain foods?
- intolerant to particular ingredients
- can cause illness, bloating, vomiting
- lactose and gluten
- may cause serious illness and can be fatal
- most common are nuts, eggs, dairy and wheat
- important food is properly labelled so people with allergies know what they can safely eat
How is food label information controlled by different regulations?
- food standers agency
- current rules:
food labels must not be misleading
clear and easy to read
allergies must be emphasised
What information must labels tell you by law?
- how to store the product
- name and address of manufacturer
- product name and what it is
- weight, volume and quantity of product
- any genetically modified ingredients
- addictive’s, ingredients or e numbers
- cooking instructions
- country it comes from
What is the non- compulsory information labels can tell you?
- product labels make claims to improve sales: high in protein, low in fat, free from artificial colours
- traffic-light labelling: healthy it is, high, medium, low amounts of fat
- suitable for certain groups (e.g vegetarians, Muslims, coeliac)
- may say where food is from, packaged or processed
- serving suggestion
How have influences on marketing driven food choice?
- special offers (buy one get one free), loyalty card schemes, point of sale marketing near till
- celebrity or brand endorsement: celebrity chefs boost sales, sponsor sports and sportspersons for energy drinks
- healthy claims: promote food having healthy benefits , market low sugar and low fat version of existing product
- promote ethical values: join ethical schemes like fairtrade
How does the different parts of the UK effect food choice?
- meat: lamb, pork, beef
- veg: potato, carrot
fish: haddock
dairy/eggs: milk, cream
fruit: apples and pears
England: Cumberland sausages, cottage pie, Cornish pastry
Wales: Welsh rabbit, bara brith, Welsh cakes
northern Ireland: cru beans, Irish stew, soda bread
Scotland: Scottish broth, neeps and tatties, shortbread
What are some traditional Japanese meals?
- steamed rice with okazu
- boiling, steaming, frying
common ingredients include: rice, noodles, seafood
sushi, tempura, gyoza, ramen
eaten with chopsticks, sit on floor mats, soup slurped from bowl
What are some traditional Spanish cuisines?
- typical ingredients are meats, herbs and spices, fruit and veg
churros, serrano ham, paella, chorizo, tapas
What is sensory testing?
sight (appealing)
touch (crunchy or firm(
taste
smell
What are the two popular types of preference tests?
paired preference tests: two slightly different foods, taster chooses favourite (e.g one butter one margarine)
hedonic rating test: rate various foods using a scale
What is a triangle test?
- three products tasted, 2 products are the same but one has a tweaked recipe
- taster identifies the one that differs from the other
What are the grading tests?
ranking test: testers put food in order
rating test: rate characteristics
profiling test: average rate for characteristic is worked out to create a profile for food
How can food tests avoid bias?
- enough tasters
- not be told what each sample is
- work on their own
- small samples
carried on it clean hygienic conditions and a quiet area
