Section 4: Conflicting priorities Flashcards
1
Q
Charles’ start in Spain
A
- Following his grandfather Ferdinand’s death in 1516, he inherited Aragon and Castile
- He arrived in spain in 1517 and spent most of the next 12 years there
- He got off to a bad start, due to his 18 month delayed arrival and inability to speak Castilian, this angered and alienated his subjects which led to a rebellion breaking out against him in 1520
2
Q
What did Charles do when the rebellion broke out against him in Spain
A
- a key reason why he left the empire so promptly after the diet of worms in 1521, to oversee the restoration of order
- though peace was restored in 1522, he continued to spend another seven years in spain
3
Q
Was it a mistake to spend this time in Spain (yes)
A
- he was distracted in key moments of lutheranism
- diets of speyer 1526 and 1529 he should have been there
4
Q
Was it a mistake to spend this time in Spain (no)
A
- he wouldn’t have felt it was a particular choice, alienating the country could have threatened his position even more
- he used his time there to strengthen his bond with the Castilian Cortes, appointing spanish advisors, learning their language and marrying an Iberian princess in 1526
- he then used it resources and income and a base where he could tackled the f + O
a necessary inherited birthright, and great system of support
5
Q
Why was there so much beef between charles and france
A
- five hapsburg- valois wars fought between 1521- 59
- charles won the imperial election over francis in 1519
- they had rival claims to Navarre, Burgundy, Naples and towns in Flanders fuelling the wars
6
Q
Times when the french distracted Charles
A
- Diet of Worms 1521: key reason why Charles left Germany for Spain was due to France’s invasion of Navarre
- Religious Truce of Nuremberg 1532: had to deal with the third Habsurg valois war of 1536-38
7
Q
Most of the french’s attacks were beyond Charles’ control
A
- Francis often felt he had Claims to Habsburg lands, because they formed part of his mother or Father’s ancestral terrioties
- this is seen in Francis’ attacks on: Luxembourg in 1521, Savoy and Piedmonet in 1536 and Artoid, Brabant and Navarre in 1552
8
Q
How did Charles’ opposition with the French help the Lutherans
A
- Francis strenghtened and financed the Schmalkaldic league,
- with his son Henry II helping Lutherans even more decisively, by playing a major role in reviving the league in the 1550s, singing the treaty of Chambord in 1552
- As part of the treaty, Henry also invaded Germany and took the Metz.
- Majorly impacted Charles, the fact that the league had such strong support from his rivals made fighting against it was near impossible
9
Q
However - times when Charles wrongly priotrised france over the lutheran issue
A
- he was the one to attack Milan and Tournai in 1521 at a vital time (diet of worms0
- he conquered Friesland in 1522 and Guilders ini 1543
however- he had to do sthis, his inherited right
also, the moderate nature of his peace treaties, i.e Treaty of Madrid 1526, evidence he would have preferred to prioritise Luther
10
Q
why did the ottomans pose such a threat
A
- extremely large expansion, grew to almost double its size from 1500-20
- charles felt the pressure of the ‘great fear’ enhanced by the fact that the empire was on the front line
11
Q
ottomans causing charles to make compromise
A
- diet of speyer, ottoman conquest of Hungary ensured imperial support for recess of speyer due to empire’s need for stability
- religious truce of nuremberg - charles offered the league peace in return for men and money as he was unable to carry out his threat of stopping lutherans due to threat of ottoman invasion,
- he then left the empire for 8 years dealing early with the recapture of the Tunis in 1535
12
Q
ottomans proving to be a distraction to charles
A
- second diet of speyer, Ferdinand was never able to impose the edict of worms by force due to months following the diet anxiously mointiroting ottoman threats to vienna
13
Q
galbraith ottomans
A
- charles was unfrotunate to be emperor at the time when the ottomans had v. strong rulers - Selim and Suleman, the ottoman threat is also a genuine reason why the popes did not focus on Luther
14
Q
ottoman threat in the mediterranean
A
- ottomans seized Rhodes in 1522 and corfu in 1537, charles was worried about Naples, one of his Hapsburg inheritances
15
Q
charles mistake with the barbary pirates
A
- his dealing with the barbary pirates following the Colloquy of Regensburg in 1541 was a big mistake
- after the damage being done to his mediterranean costaldns by Muslim pirates in Algiers, he attempted to seize Algiers and eliminate the Barbary pirates completely
- however this failed and left him without a fleet and essentially bankrupt, could have waited
