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Section 4 Flashcards

Understanding Layer 3 Redundancy

1
Q

What does IGP stand for?

A

Interior Gateway Protocol

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2
Q

What are IGPs used for?

A

The exchange or routing information within an autonomous system.

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3
Q

What are common IGPs?

A

RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, IS-IS

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4
Q

What does FHRP stand for?

A

First Hop Redundancy Protocol

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5
Q

What are three common FHRPs?

A

HSRP, VRRP, GLBP

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6
Q

What does HSRP stand for?

A

Hot Standby Router Protocol

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7
Q

What RFC defines HSRP?

A

RFC 2281

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8
Q

What is HSRP?

A

A Cisco proprietary FHRP designed to create a redundancy framework between network routers or switches in order to achieve default gateway failover.

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9
Q

How many active routers forward traffic when using HSRP?

A

One

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10
Q

What does VRRP stand for?

A

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

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11
Q

Which FHRP is an open standard?

A

VRRP

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12
Q

How many active routers forward traffic when using VRRP?

A

One

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13
Q

What does GLBP stand for?

A

Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

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14
Q

How many active routers forward traffic when using GLBP?

A

Multiple routers can be active and load balance traffic.

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15
Q

Is GLBP an open standard or Cisco proprietary

A

Cisco proprietary

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16
Q

What indicates to the standby router that a route has failed to the active router?

A

The standby router stops receiving hello messages from the active router.

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17
Q

What happens when the standby router stops receiving hello messages from the active router?

A

The standby router assumes the role of active (forwarding) router

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18
Q

What information does the standby router begin using once it becomes the active router?

A

The IP and MAC address of the virtual router.

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19
Q

What RFC defines HSRP?

A

RFC 2281

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20
Q

What RFC defines VRRP?

A

RFC 5798

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21
Q

What do you call a group of routers in the same HSRP group?

A

Hot Standby Router Group

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22
Q

How many routers are active (forwarding traffic) in an HSRP group?

A

One

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23
Q

What information is shared between all the routers in a Hot Standby Router Group?

A

The virtual IP and virtual MAC of the virtual router.

24
Q

What command do you use to verify the state of HSRP on a Cisco device?

A

show standby

25
What does RFC stand for?
Request For Comment
26
Which router responds to default gateway ARP request with the virtual router MAC address?
The active router
27
How does the active HSRP router respond to default gateway ARP request?
With the virtual router's virtual MAC address.
28
What do active and passive HSRP routers use to communicate?
Hello messages
29
What responsibility does the HSRP standby router assume if it does not receive hello messages from the active router?
Forwarding of packets
30
What is the HSRP active router?
The router currently forwarding packets for the virtual router.
31
What is the HSRP standby router?
The primary backup router for the hot standby router group.
32
What are two additional features that can be used on HSRP routers?
1. Interface tracking | 2. Load balancing
33
What does ARP stand for?
Address Resolution Protocol
34
What is ARP used for?
To map IP addresses to MAC addresses.
35
What RFC defines ARP?
826
36
What does RIP stand for (in relation to networking)?
Routing Information Protocol
37
What type of IGP is RIP?
Distance Vector
38
What does RIP use as a routing metric?
Hop count
39
What needs to be configured on an interface to add a router to a hot standby router group?
1. Establish the HSRP group ID | 2. Add the virtual router virtual IP address (VIP)
40
What optional configuration can be done on the interface when adding a router to a hot standby router group?
1. Set priority 2. Enable preemption 3. Configure HSRP version
41
What is the default priority in HSRP?
100
42
When preemption is configured, which priority takes precedence and becomes the active router?
The higher priority
43
What does SVI stand for?
Switched Virtual Interface
44
What command establishes the HSRP group ID and virtual router IP address?
standby [group #] ip [ip address]
45
What command sets the priority value used in choosing an active router?
standby [group #] priority [priority]
46
What is the range that be used for a priority value in HSRP?
1 - 255
47
What happens when you configure an HSRP router to preempt?
The router that has the highest priority will become the active router whether it is the current active router or not.
48
What command configures an HSRP router to preempt
standby [group #] preempt
49
What command sets the HSRP version to be used on an HSRP router?
standby version [1/2]
50
What versions of HSRP can be used on a router?
HSRPv1 and HSRPv2
51
What is the default version of HSRP that is used if a version is not specified in the configuration?
HSRV version 1
52
What should you check to verify HSRP?
1. Which router is active 2. Which router is standby 3. What is the HSRP priority configured 4. Preemption status (enabled or disabled)
53
What are four common HSRP issues?
1. Wrong standby IP address 2. Wrong HSRP group configured 3. HSRP version mistmatch 4. Blocked HSRP packets
54
What is the HSRP version 1 multicast IPv4 address?
224.0.0.2
55
What is the HSRP version 1 transport layer protocol and port?
UDP port 1985
56
What is the HSRP version 2 multicast IPv4 address?
224.0.0.102
57
What is the HSRP version 2 transport layer protocol and port?
UDP port 1985

Cisco ICND 2 (4 decks)

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