section 3: compounds Flashcards
ionic compound
non metal and a metal
electron from the metal atom transfers to the nonmetal atom
covalent/molecular compound
non metal and non metal
two atoms share electrons to fill their outer ring
ionic properties
solid at room temp
high bp and mp
conduct electricity when dissolved in water
stronger bonds holding atoms
forms crystals
covalent/molecular properties
not solid at room temp
low mp and bp
not conductors when in water
weaker bonds holding atoms
how to write a compound name (IONIC)
metal name first
non-metal name second
ending of the nonmetal to “ide”
how to write a formula (IONIC)
cross/switch the charges from the symbols
Al₃ and O₂ become Al₂O₃
multivalent ions
more than one option for the charge
roman numerals in name tells the charge
writing COVALENT compound names
write name of the elements in the order they appear
change the end of the last element to “ide”
use prefix to know how many of each element is needed
writing COVALENT compound formulas
find name of the element for the given symbol
PREFIX number becomes the SUBSCRIPT number.
ex. carbon DIoxide
CO₂
prefixes
1: MONO
2: DI
3: TRI
4: TETRA
5: PENTA
drop mono if its before the first element !!