Section 3

Question 0

Hepatitis A

Answer 0

• fecal- oral transmission
• contaminated food and water supplies
• vaccine
• does not become chronic
• hepatitis E is similar.

Question 1

Hepatitis

Answer 1

• hepatitis is inflammation of the liver and can have numerous causes, the most notable notable being viral infection
• hepatitis viruses are A,B,C,D, and E

Question 2

Hepatitis B

Answer 2

• transmitted by contact with infected blood and body fluids; can be transmitted by sexual contact; can be transmitted from mother to fetus
• vaccine
• can be chronic
• must have been infected with hepatitis B to have D; hepatitis D is a co-infection or superinfection

Question 3

Hepatitis C

Answer 3

• transmitted by contact with infected blood
• it is unknown if it is transmitted by sexual contact
• no vaccine
• can become chronic

Question 4

Acute versus chronic hepatitis

Answer 4

• in general fecal-oral transmission leads to acute hepatitis
• transmission my blood and body fluids often lead to chronic disease
• with severe infection hepatitis may occur and lead to hepatic failure
• cirrhosis is the end-stage liver disease marked by interference of blood flow to the liver and widespread liver damage

Question 5

Chronic hepatitis

Answer 5

• caused by hepatitis B C and D
• may also be caused by autoimmune disease or hepatitis associated with certain medication
• most is caused by hepatitis C
• end result is liver failure

Question 6

Cirrhosis

Answer 6

3 slides

Question 7

As cites

Answer 7

• Accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity
• fluid is trapped in a third space
• cirrhosis is the most common cause
• impaired excretion of sodium by the kidneys promote water retention
• portal hypertension and reduce serum albumin cause capillary hydrostatic pressure to extinct capillary osmotic pressure, the imbalance pushes water into the peritoneal cavity

Question 8

Jaundice

Answer 8

• urine may become dark several days before onset of jaundice
• there maybe like color stools

Ex - obstructive jaundice
- hemolytic jaundice

Question 9

obstructive jaundice

Answer 9

Common bile duct is blocked

Question 10

hemolytic jaundice

Answer 10

• Excessive lysis (breakdown) of RBCs
• bilirubin is a product of lyses of RBCs
• with damage to the liver it circulates freely and causes jaundice

Question 11

icterus

Answer 11

• This is the presence of jaundice
• the presence of liver disease marked by jaundice this is referred to as the icteric phase
• newborns often experience some degree of physiologic (expected jaundice) due to liver immaturity, resolves spontaneously within a week (bili lights)