section 3

Question 1

kinetic energy

what is it

Answer 1

energy of movement

Question 2

forms of kinetic energy

list them

Answer 2

mechanical
sound
chemical
electrical
light
heat

Question 3

conservation of energy

what is it

Answer 3

energy cant be created/destroyed, only transformed into other forms

Question 4

energy

Answer 4

ability to do work

joules (J)

Question 5

chemical energy

Answer 5

energy stored in chemicals
a form of potential (stored) energy.
released when chemicals react.

Question 6

electrical energy

Answer 6

energy of charged particles
transferred when electrons travel from place to place

Question 7

mechanical energy

Answer 7

energy possessed by an object because of its motion or its potential to move

A thrown baseball has mechanical energy because of its movement AND its potential to fall

Question 8

thermal energy

Answer 8

heat energy
heat comes from particles moving in an substance/object

therefore a type of kinetic energy

the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance
faster a particle moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

Question 9

input energy

Answer 9

type of energy going in; what the energy starts as

Question 10

output energy

Answer 10

type of energy coming out; what the energy ends as

Question 11

motor

Answer 11

used to create MOVEMENT (or mechanical energy)

type of energy we put into motors is electrical energy

Question 12

ELECTROMAGNETS

Answer 12

metal that is made into a magnet by passing electric current through a coil surrounding it

A screw on its own is not magnetic
having a current passing through wire around it, makes the screw magnetic

Question 13

direct current

Answer 13

moves in one DIRECTion.
battery has a set positive and negative side- electrons want to move to the positive side.

used in devices that use batteries

Question 14

alternating current

Answer 14

voltage source is constantly reversing the polarity (switching what side is positive and negative).
electrons will keep switching which way they want to go

electricity/wiring in your houses uses alternating current (AC)

Question 15

transformer

Answer 15

device that changes electricity at one voltage into electricity at a different voltage

Question 16

step down transformer

Answer 16

AC comes through loops in the primary coil and transferred to the loops of the secondary coil.
less loops on the secondary coil- will cause the amount of current to go down

step DOWN

Question 17

step up transformer

Answer 17

starting with less coils and going into more coils.
our current will go up

step UP

Question 18

power

Answer 18

rate at which device converts energy

watt (W) → one watt is equal to one joule per second

Question 19

power/current/voltage formula triangle

Answer 19

P
__
I|V

p= I x V
I = P/V
V = P/I

Question 20

energy/power/time formula triangle

Answer 20

E
__
P|t

E = P x t
P = E/t
t = E/P

Question 21

1 kW

Answer 21

kilowatt = 1000 watts