Section 2 The relationship between nutrition and physical activity

Question 1

Fuelling anaerobic and aerobic exercise

Answer 1

Event Gender % Aerobic % Anaerobic

100m sprint Male 21 79

Female 25 75

200m sprint Male 28 72

Female 33 67

Question 2

Foods which provide energy:

Answer 2

• Carbohydrates.
• Proteins.
• Fats.

Question 3

Energy for activity

Answer 3

Exercise Duration Source of ATP

100m 10 secs Creatine phosphate

200 - 800m 20 - 120 secs Glucose

Marathon 2+ hrs Fatty acids & glucose

Question 4

Producing energy from carbohydrate

Answer 4

Question 5

Producing energy from fats

Answer 5

Using fats as an energy source provides:

• Heat.
• ATP.
• Carbon dioxide.
• Water.

Question 6

Producing energy from proteins

Answer 6

Using proteins as an energy source produces:

• Carbon dioxide.
• Water.
• ATP.
• Urea.
• Ammonia.

Question 7

Which fuels are used and when?

Answer 7

Exercise intensity Source of ATP (%)

Glucose Fatty acids Amino acids

Rest 10 86 4

Moderate 48 50 2

Severe 100 0 0

Question 8

Calculating basal metabolic rate

Answer 8

Women: BMR = 655 + ( 4.35 x weight in pounds ) + ( 4.7 x height in inches ) - ( 4.7 x age in years )

Men: BMR = 66 + ( 6.23 x weight in pounds ) + ( 12.7 x height in inches ) - ( 6.8 x age in years )

Question 9

Factoring exercise into BMR equation:

Answer 9

Amount of exercise Daily calories needed

Little/none BMR x 1.2

Light (1-3 days a week) BMR x 1.375

Moderate (3-5 days a week) BMR x 1.55

Heavy (6-7 days a week) BMR x 1.725

Very heavy (twice a day) BMR x 1.9

Question 10

Hydration

Answer 10

Body weight (kg) Est.daily water intake (litres)

55 1.70

60 1.85

65 2.00

70 2.15

75 2.30

80 2.45

85 2.60

90 2.75

95 2.90

100 3.05