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business > Section 2 - People in business (Chap 6 - 9) > Flashcards

Section 2 - People in business (Chap 6 - 9) Flashcards

1
Q

2 types of resources

A

-human
-physical

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2
Q

what do humans need

A

motivation

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3
Q

reasons people work

A

-money
-enjoyment
-fame
-relationships

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4
Q

benefits of motivated worker

A

-more output
-less absent
-more quality output
-less accidents
-less waste
-less people leave job

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5
Q

Define Maslow motivation hierarchy

A

-basic needs
-safety = job security / environment
-social = relationships
-esteem = pride / prestige
-self-actualisation

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6
Q

Maslow motivation hierarchy - lower needs

A

-basic needs
-safety = job security / environment

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7
Q

Maslow motivation hierarchy - higher needs

A

-social = relationships
-esteem = pride / prestige
-self-actualisation

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8
Q

define Taylor Scientific Management

A

-people only work for money; more money = work harder
-division of labor
-piece rate

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9
Q

define piece rate

A

-workers are paid how much they work
-no fixed salary
-usually for low level workers

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10
Q

define Herzberg 2 factor theory

A

-hygiene factor = salary, security, relationships, work conditions
-motivation - achievement, recognition, promotion, responsibility
-hygiene prevent unhappy; motivation keep happy

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11
Q

permanent and temporary motivation

A

-financial = temporary
-non- financial = permanent

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12
Q

ways for financial motivation

A

-wage
-salary
-bonus
-profit sharing

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13
Q

define overtime

A

paid work for extra hours

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14
Q

define wage

A

-weekly payment at:
-time rate = per hour
-piece rate = how much your produce
-usually for low level workers

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15
Q

define salary

A

-monthly payment
-usually for high level workers

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16
Q

define bonus

A

-extra money on special occasions

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17
Q

define profit sharing

A

-agreement where a portion of profits is shared with workers

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18
Q

why doesn’t financial motivation work

A

-it becomes and expectation

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19
Q

ways for non-financial motivation

A

-job rotation
-job enlargement
-job enrichment
-group work
-training
-fringe benefits
-promotion

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20
Q

define job rotation

A

-workers rotate jobs
-can get more skill
-usually low level

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21
Q

define job enlargement

A

-giving more variety of work
-can overload on people and may demand more pay

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22
Q

define fringe benefits

A

-anything extra besides salary/ wage

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23
Q

define promotion

A

-higher position

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24
Q

define job enrichment

A

-more responsibilities givens to make job more challenging and meaningful
-usually for high level workers

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25
Q

define training

A

-teaching workers new skills
-cost money
-can cause jealousy

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26
Q

define group work

A

-workers work tgt on a task
-motivated by teamwork
-work is divided

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27
Q

what does an organizational chart do

A

defines structure

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28
Q

define line manager

A

-person on directly on top of you

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29
Q

define subordinate

A

-people below you

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30
Q

define chain of command

A

-structure which explains who to report to for communication

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31
Q

define span of control

A

-no. subordinates working directly under you

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32
Q

what happens of chain of command is too long

A

-risk of info changing

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33
Q

2 span structures

A

-tall- bad com., good management
-wide- good com., bad management

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34
Q

define managers

A

-people who manage things by delegation tasks to workers
-try to keep workers happy & get work done

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35
Q

define delegation

A

-assigning tasks to other people
-gives authority to person

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36
Q

define power

A

-people will listen without needing title

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37
Q

define authority

A

-people will listen because of title

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38
Q

what happens after you get authority

A

-your accountable for actions

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39
Q

advantages of delegation

A

-less work for manager
-less likely to make mistakes as a manager
-positive motivation for worker

40
Q

how is delegation given

A

delectation - authority - accountability - responsibility

41
Q

disadvantages of delegation

A

-worker makes mistakes
-worker might not be responsible enough

42
Q

types of leaders

A

-Autocratic = strict; care abt job only
-democratic = care abt workers & job
-Laissez- faire = minimalistic; let works do work on own

43
Q

Qualities of autocratic leader

A

-punishment motivation
-quick decisions
-good at crisis
-workers can’t make decisions/ suggest
-for low level workers

44
Q

Qualities of democratic leader

A

-balance btw work & keeping workers happy
-lots of consultation with workers
-delay in decisions making

45
Q

Qualities of laissez- faire leader

A

-not bothered much
-expects workers to know what to do
-doesn’t make decisions
-workers cane be creative
-for high level workers

46
Q

what is a good leader

A

-someone who can adapt to the situation

47
Q

define trade union

A

-person that represents workers & fights for their rights

48
Q

Things abt trade union

A

-legally recognised
-office cannot oppose to union
-optional to join
-may have membership fee
strength in no.s
-can protest, strike & close business
-

49
Q

define strike

A

-workers refuse to work

50
Q

define recrutement

A

-process of finding workers
eg. online, ads

51
Q

what happens after recruitment

A

-selection, (training)
eg. interview, test, prequalification,

52
Q

what does selection do

A

-filters recruits

53
Q

define Job analysis

A

-doc on the roles & responsibilities on the job

54
Q

define job description

A

-doc that description on the roles & responsibilities of the job

55
Q

define job specification

A

-doc that lists qualities, education & requirements the company looks for in the person being hired

56
Q

2 types of recruitment

A

-internal = within org
-external = outside org

57
Q

advantages of internal recruitment

A

-quicker
-alr know person
-don’t have to train
-don’t have to advertise
-motivates worker

58
Q

disadvantages of internal recruitment

A

-jealousy among workers
- worker is not qualified eneough

59
Q

advantages of external recruitment

A

-brings new ideas

60
Q

disadvantages of external recruitment

A

-costly
-time-consuming
-have to train
-have to advertise

61
Q

where can you advertise

A

-local news
-specialist magazine
-online websites
-recruiting agent
-job center ( run by gov.)
-collages & Uni

62
Q

what does job advertisement include

A

-job description
-type of person wanted
-salary
-details on how to apply

63
Q

Ways to apply for job

A

-letter of application = why you’re right candidate for job; try to convince person
-Curriculum Vitae (CV) = Resume = list of:
-Name
-DOB
-Address
-Email ID
-tele. no.
-nationality
-education
-qualifications
-personal interests
-work experience = positions you might have held
-2 refrences

64
Q

why must recruitments have training

A

-show how company operates
-person is more motivated to work
-more efficiency for person
-less accidents
(cost money)

65
Q

Types of training

A

-introduction = worker is told abt business
-on the job = working with a mentor
-off the job = send them to another org to train

66
Q

advantages of on the job training

A

-see thing irl

67
Q

disadvantages of on the job training

A

-worker is absent
-bad habits pass on

68
Q

advantages of off the job training

A

-worker learns new skills from experts
-worker is motivated

69
Q

disadvantages of off the job training

A

-expensive
-worker is absent

70
Q

define downsizing

A

reducing size of workers

71
Q

define automation

A

-machines take over human work

72
Q

reasons why there is downsizing

A

-automation
-relocating business
-closing
-merging
-can’t afford to keep

73
Q

types of downsizing

A

-dismissal = worker fault
-redundancy = not work fault

74
Q

Things on redundancy of workers

A

-no use for worker = worker leave
-give redundancy payment = extra money
-need sufficient reason

75
Q

Things on dismissal of workers

A

-bad performance = worker leaves
-give 1 months notice
-need sufficient reason
-need to follow procedures: verbal waring, written waring, 1 month notice
bad performance:
-incompetency = not capable to do job
-misconduct = inappropriate behavior
-breaking the law

76
Q

define employment contract

A

-contract which states the rights and responsibilities of the employee & employer
has:
-Names
-job title
-job description
-work hours
-data of employment
-salary
-overtime
fringe benefits
-entitled leave
-tax cut
-penalty if contract is breached
signatures

77
Q

Use of employment contract

A

-job security
-prevents disputes
-gives good idea on what to do for worker

77
Q

define industrial tribunal

A

-people who decide is a reason of dismissal is valid or not

78
Q

types of discrimination

A

-race/ colour
-religion
-gender
-age
-disability

79
Q

impact of discrimination

A

-not efficient work
-demotivate

80
Q

impacts of minimum wage

A

-made by law
-motivates workers

81
Q

types of health & safety at workplace

A

-cater to health as much as possible
-costly
eg. warning signs, safety gears, evacuation area

82
Q

impacts of effective com.

A

-more work
-motivates people

83
Q

define barriers of com.

A

-anything that disrupts com.
1)-problems with sender language, accents, jargon
2)-problems with medium
3)-problems with receiver: bad mood, not motivated, overconfident
4)-problems with feedback: not allowed
5)-other: resource, noise, distance

84
Q

how to com. cycle work

A

-sender - msg through medium - receiver - feedback - sender

85
Q

types of com.

A

-internal = com in company - eg. online, face to face
-external = com in company - eg. emails, calls, letters
-1 way - without expecting feedback (not effective)
-2 way - expect feedback (good motivation)
-formal: in work
-informal: outside work

86
Q

define feedback

A

-seeking clarification & suggestions

87
Q

types of mediums for com

A

-verbal - eg. meeting, interview
-written - eg. letter, email
-visual - eg. videos, powerpoint

88
Q

advantages of verbal medium

A

-fats
-quick feedback
-2 way com.
see person’s body language
-most effective

89
Q

disadvantages of verbal medium

A

-might not reach everyone
-no record - can deny it

90
Q

advantages of written medium

A

-record of it
-good for lots of info
-many people can see at same time

90
Q

disadvantages of written medium

A

-no quick feedback
-not everyone checks/ reads it
-languages may not be understandable
-1 way com

91
Q

advantages of visual medium

A

-very hands on - appealing
-easier to understand

92
Q

types of direction of com

A

-downward: high level to low level = orders
-upward: low level to high level = feedback
-horizontal: same level

93
Q

disadvantages of visual medium

A

-1 way com
-time consuming
-expensive
-lots of effort

business (8 decks)

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