Section 2 Flashcards
provides form, stability, and movement to the human body. It is made up of the body’s bones, the skeleton, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints. primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs. The skeletal portion of the system serves as the main storage system for calcium and phosphorus and contains critical components involved in the production of blood.
Musculoskeletal System
it provides the shape and form for our bodies, in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing bodily movement, producing blood for the body, and storing minerals. Another function is the storage of certain minerals. Calcium and phosphorus are among the main minerals being stored. This storage “device”, helps to regulate mineral balance in the bloodstream.
Skeletal System
a network of specialized cells that communicate information about our body’s surroundings and ourselves. It processes this information and causes reactions in other parts of the body.
Nervous System
is the largest part of the nervous system, and includes the brain and spinal cord.
CNS (central nervous system)
is a term for the collective nervous structures that do not lie in the CNS. motor and sensory nerves
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
is the collective name given to a system of small organs that release extracellular signalling molecules known as hormones. The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating metabolism, growth, development, puberty and tissue function. It also plays a part in determining our mood. is an information signalling system mainly uses blood vessels as information channels through which it passes the hormones.
Endocrine System
- Pineal gland, 2. Pituitary gland, 3. Thyroid gland, 4. Thymus, 5. Adrenal gland, 6. Pancreas, 7. Ovary, 8. Testes.
Major Endocrine Glands
moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH. This system may be seen strictly as a blood distribution network.
Circulatory System
distributes blood
cardiovascular system
distributes lymph
lymphatic system,
main components of the human circulatory system
heart, blood, blood vessels
where blood is passed through the lungs and becomes oxygenated.
pulmonary circulation
where the oxygenated blood is passed through the rest of the body.
systematic circulation
is responsible for the removal of interstitial fluid from tissues as well as the absorption and transport of fats and fatty acids. also responsible for the transport of antigen presenting cells (APCs).
lymphatic system
major function of is gas exchanged between the external environment and the circulatory system. This involves taking in oxygen from the air to the blood and releasing carbon dioxide (and other gaseous waste products) from the blood back into the air.
respiratory system
the reaction of the lungs to inhaled mineral dust and the resultant alteration in their structure
Pneumoconiosis
refers to chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
is the system used by the body to take in, break down and absorb nutrients as well as to excrete waste products.
Gastrointestinal Tract
The kidney plays an important role in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance by filtration and selective re-absorption of them into the blood. It excretes (via urine) unwanted waste products (including toxins), made water-soluble by metabolism in the liver.
Urinary system
- Kidneys, 2. Ureter, 3. Bladder, 4. Urethra
Urinary system
outer covering of the body, also known as the epidermis. It is the largest organ of the body and is made up of multiple layers of epithelial tissues, and guards the underlying muscles, bones and internal organs.
Skin
The most common skin disorder
Dermatitis
The other form of contact dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
major metabolic organ used to process nutrients which have been absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract or via other routes such as inhalation. The fact that it is used to break down materials means that is particularly susceptible to any toxins within the body. cells can regenerate after toxic damage, the most common cause of which is alcohol. However, continued absorption can overtake the regeneration process and cause permanent damage.
Liver
Oxygen transport can be affected in two ways (blood)
Simple and chemical asphyxia
Deprived of oxygen
asphyxia
characterised by redness, discomfort and watering of the eyes
conjunctivitis
lens opacities
cataracts
