Section 2

Question 1

Nutritional needs young ppl

Answer 1

Toddlers-eatwell guide dosnt apply to under 2 ,milk is important source of calcium and vitamin A,should be encouraged to try new foods

Children-active so extra demand for energy ,foods high in sugar should be eaten infrequently

Teenagers-keep on top of proteins for growth spurts ,iron for periods in girls, calcium for growth in skeleton

Question 2

Nutritional needs adults

Answer 2

Middle adulthood -focus on maintaining healthy lifestyle as growth stops,vitamin D is is important to reduce chance of bone disease,pregnant woman should eat 200 more calories and consume more folic acids

Late adulthood-cut down on saturated fats to reduce CHD,smell and tastes change so meals need to be apdapted to new palate

Question 3

How does poor diet affect the skeleton

Answer 3

Rickets-bones soft and weak can cause physcial deformities

Osteoporosis-makes bones brittle increasing risk of fracture

Dental carries-plague build up in teeth, bacteria feeds on sugars and creates acids that destroy teeth

Question 4

What is BMR and PAL

Answer 4

Basal metabolic rate smallest amount of needy needed to stay alive,based upon
Age-decreases as we get older
Sex-females have lower bmr
Weight and height-heavier and larger bodied need more calories

Physical activity level-how active you are, as you get older BMR decreases so you need fewer cals to maintain healthy weight , as you exerzixe PAL increases so you nee more cals to maintain healthy weight

PAL x BMR = daily energy requirement

Question 5

How do you modify meals for healthy eating

Answer 5

Reducing sugar-reducing sugar conditments-use less sugar when baking
Increaseing fibre-go for whole meal fibre-include more beans and lentils-keep skin on potatoes

Reducing salt-use less foods that have salt added to preserve or flavour-create own sauces and stocks

Reducing saturated fats- use low fat speeds and oils-eat lean cuts of meat,gril or bake instead of frying