Section 14: Reproduction

Question 1

What are gametes?

Answer 1

Sex cells

Question 2

What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

Sexual reproduction involves 2 parents and produces genetically different offspring, asexual involves one parent and produces genetically identical offspring

Question 3

Give 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 3

Advantages - variation, increases diversity, species can adapt to new environments, disease is less likely to have an impact

Disadvantages - long time, energy is needed, not possible for an isolated individual

Question 4

Give 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 4

Advantages - produce large quantities of identical offspring, quick, easy, no variation

Disadvantages - genetic disorders are passed on, no variation

Question 5

What organism uses both sexual and asexual reproduction?

Answer 5

Plants

Question 6

What type of cell division forms gametes?

Answer 6

Meiosis

Question 7

Name the gametes in animals.

Answer 7

Sperm and egg

Question 8

Name the gametes in plants.

Answer 8

Ovule and pollen

Question 9

What does sexual reproduction lead to that asexual does not?

Answer 9

Variation

Question 10

What effect does meiosis have on chromosome number?

Answer 10

Halves it

Question 11

When a new cell is formed by fertilisation, what type of cell division takes place?

Answer 11

Mitosis

Question 12

What is the process by which cells develop into specific types?

Answer 12

Differentiation