Section 10 chemical equilibrium

Question 1

Equilibrium definition

Answer 1

Where in a reversible reaction the forwards and backwards reactions both occur at a constant rate.

Question 2

Dynamic equilibrium definition

Answer 2

Where in a reversible reaction both the forwards and backwards reaction occur at the same constant rate.

Question 3

Difference between dynamic equilibrium and equilibrium

Answer 3

Dynamic equilibrium will constantly occur and reactants and products must be at equal concentration.

Question 4

Concentration effect on equilibrium

Answer 4

As the concentration of a chemical increases the reaction shifts in the opposite direction.
As the concentration of a chemical decreases the reaction shifts in the direction of the chemical being removed.

Question 5

Temperature effect on equilibrium

Answer 5

As the temperature increases the reaction will shift towards the endothermic reaction.
As the temperature decreases the reaction will shift towards the exothermic reaction

Question 6

Catalyst effect on equilibrium

Answer 6

Use of a catalyst speeds up the rate of both reactions, forwards and backwards, this is due to the activation energy decreasing, this has no overall effect on the reaction equilibrium.

Question 7

Pressure effect on equilibrium

Answer 7

High/increase pressure causes the reaction to shift towards and favour the reaction with less moles as products.
Low/decrease pressure causes the reaction to shift towards the reaction with more moles as products.

Question 8

Rules of pressure in equilibrium

Answer 8

Pressure in equilibrium only affects gas
Equal number of moles means the reaction isn’t affected by pressure.