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Computer Science Aqa A Level > Section 10 > Flashcards

Section 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Relational Database?

A

A method of creating a database using tables of related data, with relationships between the tables.

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2
Q

What is a Table?

A

A method for implementing an entity and attributes as a group of related data.

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3
Q

What is an Entity?

A

An object about which data will be stored.

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4
Q

What is an Attribute?

A

A characteristics or piece of information about an entity, which would be stored as a field in a relational database.

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5
Q

What is an Entity relationship diagram?

A

A visual method of describing relationships between entities.

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6
Q

What is a Primary key?

A

An attribute that can be used to uniquely identify every record within a table.

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7
Q

What is an Entity identifier?

A

An attribute which can uniquely identify each instance of an entity.

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8
Q

What is a Foreign key?

A

An attribute in a table that is a primary key in another table and us used to link tables together.

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9
Q

What is Normalisation?

A

The process of ensuring that a relational database is structured efficiently.

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10
Q

What is Structured query language (SQL)?

A

A specialised programming language for manipulating databases.

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11
Q

What is Syntax?

A

The rules of how words are used within a given language.

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12
Q

What is a Query?

A

A search or sort carried out on data that retrieves the answer to a question.

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13
Q

What is a Client-server database?

A

A way of implementing a database where the database is put into a server and various users can access it from their workstations. The processing, for example, running a query, will take place on the server.

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14
Q

What is a Database management system?

A

Software that enables the management of all aspects of a database including adding, updating and querying data.

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15
Q

What is Record locks?

A

A technique to temporarily prevent access to certain records held on a database.

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16
Q

What is Sterialisation?

A

A technique to ensure that only one transaction at a time is executed from multiple users on a database.

17
Q

What is Timestamp ordering?

A

A technique to ensure multiple users can execute commands on a shared database based on the timestamp of when the data was last written to or read from.

18
Q

What is Commitment ordering?

A

A technique to ensure concurrent transactions on a shared database are executed based on a the timestamp of when the request is made and also the precedence the request takes over other simultaneous requests.

19
Q

What is Big data?

A

A generic term for large or complex datasets that are difficult to store and analyse.

20
Q

What is Modelling?

A

Recreating a real life situation on a computer.

21
Q

Graph Schema (database)?

A

A method of defining a database in terms of nodes, edges and properties.

22
Q

What is a Node (database)?

A

In database modelling, it is an entity.

23
Q

What are properties (database)?

A

In database modelling, it is items of information stored within each each entity.

24
Q

What is an Edge (database)?

A

In a database graph schema, it refers to the link and relationship between two nodes.

25
Q

What is Distributed processing/computing?

A

The principle of spreading large and complex tasks over a number of computers or servers.

26
Q

What is a Distributed program?

A

A program specifically written to be used in a distributed processing environment.

27
Q

What is Functional programming

A

A programming paradigm that uses functions to create programs.

28
Q

What is a Variable?

A

A data item whose value will change as the program is run.

29
Q

What is meant by the term ‘Mutable’

A

Changeable.

30
Q

What is meant by the state of a variable?

A

The Value that is currently stored in that variable.

31
Q

What does the term ‘Side effects’ mean in context to programming?

A

In programming it refers to the fact that the value contained within a variable will change as the program is run, which has implications for other parts of the program.

32
Q

what is an Imperative language?

A

A language based on giving the computer commands or procedures to follow.

33
Q

What is Object-oriented programming?

A

A programming paradigm that encapsulates instructions and data together into objects.

34
Q

What is a Function?

A

A subroutine that returns a single value.

35
Q

What is meant by the term ‘Concurrence’?

A

The concept of two users trying to access the same data item at the same time.

Computer Science Aqa A Level (7 decks)

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