Section 1: Protocols Flashcards
What is FTP, and what ports does it use?
TCP/20 (active mode data)
TCP/21 (control)
Works across operating systems
Transfers files between systems
What is SSH used for, and what makes it secure?
TCP/22
Provides encrypted, text-based console communication.
How is SFTP different from FTP, and which port does it use?
Uses SSH for encryption
TCP/22
Secure file transfer with encryption
What is Telnet, why is it less secure than SSH and what port does it use?
Telecommunication Network
Text-based console communication
TCP/23
Not encrypted, unlike SSH
What is SMTP, and which ports are used for secure and insecure email transfers?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Insecure: TCP/25 (plaintext)
Secure: TCP/587 (TLS encryption)
Email transfer between servers; client-to-server email sending.
What does DNS do, and what ports does it use for different query sizes?
Domain Name System
Small Queries: UDP/53
Large Queries: TCP/53
Resolves domain names to IP addresses
What is DHCP, what is its role in IP address management and which port numbers does it use?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Automates IP address configuration
Server: UDP/67
Client: UDP/68
Real-time IP leases, DHCP reservations by MAC address.
What is TFTP used for, how is it different from FTP and which port number does it use?
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Simple file transfer without authentication
UDP/69
What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS, and which ports do they use?
HTTP: TCP/80 – Unencrypted web browsing.
HTTPS: TCP/443 – Secure web browsing using TLS/SSL.
What is NTP, why is it important for network devices and which port number does it use?
Network Time Protocol
Synchronizes time across devices like routers, switches, and servers.
UDP/123
What is SNMP, how does it manage network devices and what port number does it use?
Simple Network Management Protocol
Gathers statistics and manages network devices
Queries: UDP/161
Alerts: UDP/162
What is LDAP, what is it used for in networking and which port number does it use?
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Accesses and manages directory information
TCP/389
How does LDAPS differ from LDAP, and what port does it use?
LDAP Secure
Secure version of LDAP
TCP/636
Non-standard implementation using SSL encryption
What is SMB, how is it commonly used in Windows networks and which port number does it use?
Server Message Block
File and printer sharing in Windows Network
TCP/445
What is Syslog, what is its main use in logging and which port number does it use?
Standard for system message logging
UDP/514
