section 1: cell structure - topic 3: prokaryotic cells Flashcards
difference in size: P v E
P: extremely small cells (less than 2 micrometers diameter)
E:
difference in DNA: P v E
P: DNA is circular
E: DNA is linear
difference in nucleus: P v E
P: no nucleus - DNA free in cytoplasm
E: nucleus present - DNA inside nucleus
difference in cell wall: P v E
P: cell wall made of a polysaccharide, but not cellulose or chitin
E: no cell wall (animals), cellulose cell wall (plants), chitin cell wall (fungi)
difference in organelle amount: P v E
P: few organelles & no membrane-bound organelles i.e. no mitochondria
E: many organelles - mitochondria & other membrane-bound organelles present
difference flagella: P v E
P: flagella (when present) made of the protein flagellin, arranged in a helix
E: flagella (when present) made of microtubules arranged in a ‘9 + 2’ formation
difference in ribosomes: P v E
P: small ribosomes (20 nanometres or less)
E: larger ribosomes (over 20 nanometers)
examples: P v E
P: e.coli bacterium, salmonella bacterium
E: human liver cell, yeast, amoeba