section 1: cell structure - topic 3: prokaryotic cells

Question 1

difference in size: P v E

Answer 1

P: extremely small cells (less than 2 micrometers diameter)
E:

Question 2

difference in DNA: P v E

Answer 2

P: DNA is circular
E: DNA is linear

Question 3

difference in nucleus: P v E

Answer 3

P: no nucleus - DNA free in cytoplasm
E: nucleus present - DNA inside nucleus

Question 4

difference in cell wall: P v E

Answer 4

P: cell wall made of a polysaccharide, but not cellulose or chitin
E: no cell wall (animals), cellulose cell wall (plants), chitin cell wall (fungi)

Question 5

difference in organelle amount: P v E

Answer 5

P: few organelles & no membrane-bound organelles i.e. no mitochondria
E: many organelles - mitochondria & other membrane-bound organelles present

Question 6

difference flagella: P v E

Answer 6

P: flagella (when present) made of the protein flagellin, arranged in a helix
E: flagella (when present) made of microtubules arranged in a ‘9 + 2’ formation

Question 7

difference in ribosomes: P v E

Answer 7

P: small ribosomes (20 nanometres or less)
E: larger ribosomes (over 20 nanometers)

Question 8

examples: P v E

Answer 8

P: e.coli bacterium, salmonella bacterium
E: human liver cell, yeast, amoeba