section 1

Question 1

a process that states that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes

Answer 1

uniformitariansim

Question 2

a process that states that geologic change occurs suddenly

Answer 2

catastrophism

Question 3

the scientific study of fossils

Answer 3

paleontology

Question 4

who wrote the theory of the earth

Answer 4

James Hutton

Question 5

principles of geology

Answer 5

Lyell

Question 6

a scientist who studies fossils

Answer 6

paleontologist

Question 7

scientists who study fossils of plants

Answer 7

paleobotanist

Question 8

a fossilized mark that is formed in soft sediment by the movement of an animal

Answer 8

trace fossil

Question 9

a mark or cavity made in sedimentary surface by a shell or other body

Answer 9

mold

Question 10

a type of fossil that forms when sediments fill in the cavity left by a decomposed organism

Answer 10

cast

Question 11

a fossil that is found in the rock layers of only one geologic age and that is used to establish the age of the rock layers

Answer 11

index fossil

Question 12

hardened tree sap `

Answer 12

amber

Question 13

is a process in which minerals replace an organism’s tissue

Answer 13

petrification

Question 14

sticky tar

Answer 14

aspalt

Question 15

animal dung

Answer 15

corprolite

Question 16

lived between 230 and 208 million years ago

Answer 16

tropites

Question 17

are approximately 400 million years

Answer 17

phacops

Question 18

the standard method used to divide the earth’s long natural history into manageable parts

Answer 18

geologic time scale

Question 19

the largest division of geologic time

Answer 19

eon

Question 20

a unit of geologic time that includes two or more periods

Answer 20

era

Question 21

a unit of geologic time time into which eras are divided

Answer 21

period

Question 22

a subdivision of geologic period

Answer 22

epoch

Question 23

the death of every member of a species

Answer 23

extinction

Question 24

earth’s age

Answer 24

4.6 billion years

Question 25

The rock and fossil record mainly represents the Phanerozoic eon, which is the eon we live in

Answer 25

Phanerozoic eon

Question 26

The first organisms with well- developed cells appeared during this eon

Answer 26

Proterozoic eon

Question 27

The earliest known rocks on earth formed from this period

Answer 27

Archean eon

Question 28

The only rocks that scientists have found from this eon are meteorites and rocks from the moon

Answer 28

Hadean eon

Question 29

It is the first era represented well by fossils. Marine life flourished oceans became home to diversity of life

Answer 29

Paleozoic era

Question 30

the age of reptiles, reptiles dominated birds appeared late in the Mesozoic era

Answer 30

Mesozoic era

Question 31

the age of mammals where mammals had to compete with dinosaurs and other animals for food and habitat.

Answer 31

Cenozoic era