Section 1

Question 1

Who is Adam Smith

Answer 1

The person who wrote a wealth of nations. He talked about the specialization of labor

Question 2

What is the Wealth of Nations?

Answer 2

A book written by Adam Smith in 1776.

Question 3

Why was the Wealth of Nations influential?

Answer 3

It was the most well known treatise on economics of the era.It provided a famous example of the specialization of workers to make pins.

Question 4

What was the example included?

Answer 4

One worker would cut wire into short lengths,another one could straighten the wire, and another could sharpen the ends. This provides cheaper labor

Question 5

Who is Charles Babbage

Answer 5

An english philosopher who proposed the idea to automate the production of navigational tables. He was inspired by Gaspard de Prony. He had a prototype for his difference machine but couldn’t finish it because he hinted that the British should sponsor his other project, the Analytical engine without giving them a working difference engine.

Question 6

Gaspard de Prony

Answer 6

A mathematician who was sponsored by the French government to make logarithmic tables.He used the method of differences to break down the problems into simple addition/subtraction so anybody could do them. Made producing logarithmic tables much cheaper.

Question 7

Ada Lovelace

Answer 7

Daughter of Lord Byron. Helped Charles Babbage with the Analytical engine and was the first computer programmer with her algorithm the Bernoulli numbers.

Question 8

Bernoulli Number

Answer 8

The first ‘computer program’ written by ada lovelace.

Question 9

Telegraph

Answer 9

A wire that people would send electrical pulses down to communicate with others and first used in the railways to stop trains from colliding in the 1860s. It would be more expensive and faster than a letter. Messages would be received within a few hours.

Question 10

Entscheidungsproblem

Answer 10

Problem theorized by David Hilbert in 1928. Can there be an algorithm that proves a logical statement true or false?

Question 11

Alonzo Church

Answer 11

Turing’s response to the Entscheidungsproblem, is famous because it has memory,programmability, and conditional branching, all aspects of a modern computer.

Question 12

Memory(this one is weird)

Answer 12

That can read from and written to

Question 13

Programmablitability

Answer 13

The ability to run different algorithms, or list of instructions.

Question 14

Conditional Branching

Answer 14

The ability to make decisions and run a different clock of instructions based on these decisions.

Question 15

Alan Turing

Answer 15

Famous for his contributions to the codebreaking department in WW2 and his contributions to theoretical computing.

Question 16

Why did America ______ slower but made the process go ___________.

Answer 16

Americans took longer to industrialize, but the process went faster. This could be because of the lack of business tradition due the USA’s short history.

Question 17

What was the problem with the US Census

Answer 17

The earliest example of a large-scale data processing project in the US. After the 1880 census took seven years to process it was decided that they needed to make it more efficient.

Question 18

Robert Porter

Answer 18

The director of the 1890 census hired Herman Hollerith to make the census faster.

Question 19

Herman Hollerith

Answer 19

A young inventor who is inspired by the organette which uses punched cards to make notes. He thought they could record the demographics on punched cards. They would feed it into his machine to make the census tabulated faster.

Question 20

How fast was the 1890 census tabulated with the new punched card machine

Answer 20

two and a half years

Question 21

Christopher Latham Sholes

Answer 21

The inventor of the first practical typewriter.

Question 22

When was the first practical typewrite patented and invented

Answer 22

1869

Question 23

James Demsmore

Answer 23

Funded Sholes’s typewriter

Question 24

Philo Remginton

Answer 24

Produced Shole’s typewriter

Question 25

When was Philo Remington persuaded to produced the first practical typewrite

Answer 25

1873

Question 26

ABC-QWERTY

Answer 26

Typewriters went from ABC layout to QWERTY layout.

Question 27

When did the Remington Typewriter Company merge with the Rand Kardex Company

Answer 27

1927

Question 28

Filing cabinets

Answer 28

Cabinet that helps organize the info of companies.

Question 29

Who was Dorr E. Felt

Answer 29

Made a mechanical calculator called the comptometer

Question 30

When was the comptometer invented

Answer 30

1887

Question 31

William S. Burroughs

Answer 31

Made a mechanical calculator,similar to the comptometer but it prints out the answers. Called the adding machine

Question 32

When was the Cash register invented

Answer 32

1879

Question 33

James Ritty

Answer 33

Made the cash register because he thought his clerks were stealing money. Basically adding a machine with a money compartment and it displays the amount of money. Sold his invention to James Patterson

Question 34

James Patterson

Answer 34

Founder of NCR and made an aggressive salesman school. The school was incredibly successful. People who went through it often became top executives of other companies.

Question 35

Thomas Watson Sr.

Answer 35

An incredible salesman that was fired by Patterson. He later took control of the CTR(herman hollerith company) and implemented the aggressive sales technique and renamed it IBM.

Question 36

Vannevar Bush

Answer 36

The person who made the differential Analyzer. Made to solve the differential equations. Multiple copies built.Lead to the first electronic computer.

Question 37

Howard Aiken

Answer 37

An inventor who worked with IBM to make the Harvard Mark 1. Even though the engineers at IBM did most of the heavy lifting Howard claimed the full credit.

Question 38

Harvard Mark 1

Answer 38

51 feet long and 2 feet deep. To keep the precise timing there was a 50 feet rotating shaft to keep the parts moving at the same speed.

Question 39

John Atanasoff

Answer 39

A professor at the university of Iowa helps to make the ABC(Atanasoff Berry Computer)

Question 40

Clifford Berry

Answer 40

A graduate student that helps make the ABC

Question 41

Atanasoff Berry Computer

Answer 41

The ABC was a computer for linear equations. However it had very little budget and fanfare. So after its creators abandoned it was forgotten until decades later.

Question 42

Konrad Zuse

Answer 42

He was a civil engineer and made a computer/calculator with his friends. He asked the German gov. for funds for an electronic computer.

Question 43

Z1

Answer 43

The computer that Konrad Zuse made had ,ironically,more in common with modern computers than British or American computers of that time. Had no effect on other computer development

Question 44

When did Professor Morse send the first telegraph message

Answer 44

May 24,1844

Question 45

What did Professor Morse send in the first long distance telegraph message

Answer 45

“WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT”