Section 1

Question 1

prosecutor

Answer 1

top law enforcement in each county

Question 2

sheriff

Answer 2

in charge of corrections
jail

Question 3

investigation

Answer 3

to observe/study closely
to inquire into something systematically and search for true information

Question 4

evidence

Answer 4

any item that helps establish the facts of a related criminal case

Question 5

direct evidence

Answer 5

evidence that directly proves a key fact at issue
DNA, ballistics, fingerprint

Question 6

witness testimony

Answer 6

worst type of direct evidence, yet is the most compelling
~70% wrong

Question 7

circumstantial evidence

Answer 7

set of circumstances that allows a person to infer a crime
string of evidence

Question 8

modus operandi (MO)

Answer 8

method of operation a criminal uses to commit a crime

Question 9

locard’s principle of exchange

Answer 9

the offender of a crime will bring something into the crime and leave with something from it

Question 10

5 goals for criminal investigations

Answer 10

1. determine whether a crime has been committed
2. legally obtain information and evidence to identify the responsible person
3. arrest the suspect
4. recover stolen property
5. present the best possible case to the prosecutor

Question 11

4 characteristics of an effective investigation

Answer 11

1. knowledge
2. creativity
3. patience
4. persistence

Question 12

crime

Answer 12

an offense defined by the state, local, or federal law against the public that is punishable by a governmental body

Question 13

misdemeanor

Answer 13

a lesser crime that is generally punishable by a jail sentence that is less than a year

Question 14

felony

Answer 14

a serious criminal offense punishable by imprisonment for more than a year in a state or federal prison

Question 15

exculpatory evidence

Answer 15

physical evidence that would clear one from blame

Question 16

players in the crime scene

Answer 16

uniformed office
dispatcher
prosecutor
coroners/ME
forensic crime labs
citizens (call/rumors)
witness
victims
media

Question 17

9 basic functions

Answer 17

1. secure the scene
2. provide emergency assistance
3. photograph, videotape, measure
4. notes for report
5. search/obtain/process physical evidence
6. obtain info from witnesses/suspects
7. always identify suspect
8. obtain search warrants and execute
9. testify in court

Question 18

photography

Answer 18

any device with a picture of a crime scene is now evidence
all photos/texts can be looked at whether deleted or not

Question 19

advantages of photography

Answer 19

1. record the scene permanently
2. accurately represents the scene
3. effect on a jury cannot be overestimated
4. highly effective visual aids that may agree with the evidence

Question 20

disadvantages of photography

Answer 20

1. not selective
2. doesnt show actual distance
3. can come away distorted

Question 21

why shouldnt you touch evidence until a picture is taken

Answer 21

can never replace the evidence exactly
authenticity of photos
taken ASAP

Question 22

3 photos of evidence

Answer 22

1. long shot
2. medium shot
3. close up
   place evidence in relation to crime scene/person

Question 23

errors collecting evidence

Answer 23

not enough of the sample
not obtaining a standard to compare
not maintaining integrity of evidence

Question 24

to ensure admissibility of evidence in court

Answer 24

identify evidence as found at crime scene
describe exactly where it was found
establish custody from discovery to present
voluntarily explain any changes that occurred in evidence

Question 25

who is able to return evidence

Answer 25

prosecutor

Question 26

rectangular coordinate method

Answer 26

uses 2 adjacent walls as fixed points from which distances are measured
indoor

Question 27

baseline method

Answer 27

establish a straight line from one fixed point to another, from which measure at right angles
indoor or outdoor