Section 1 Flashcards
What is critical thinking?
The ability to criticize your own reasoning
What is a proposition?
A statement that can be true or false/can be argued. Eg. Tony’s has the best pizza.
What is a non proposition?
A statement that cannot be right or wrong. Cannot be argued. Eg. Today I took a walk.
Simple Proposition
Statement that is simply true or false on its own. Eg. The sky is blue.
Complex proposition
Have internal logical structure and are made up of Simple propositions. Eg. The sky is blue, but it does not look blue to me today,
Define premise
Statements that support the conclusion of an argument
Define conclusion in regards to arguments
The claim that the whole argument is intended to support
What 2 ways can an argument go bad?
- Bad structure 2. False premise
Good vs bad argument
Good argument has premise that supports the conclusion. Bad argument premise does not support the conclusion.
Inductive argument
Provide probable support. Premise does not guarantee conclusion, but is probable. Premise gives you a good reason to believe the conclusion. Good ones are both strong and cogent.
Deductive argument
Conclusion is guaranteed, not probable. Premise supports the fact that is the conclusion. Good ones are both valid and sound.
Abduction / abductive argument
Arguments where the best explanation is chosen as the correct one.
Invalid argument
One where premise is meant to guarantee truth of conclusion and fails to do so
Valid argument
One where premise is meant to guarantee conclusion and does so.
Truth
The way the world is, realness