Section 1 Flashcards
Global heath
Field of academic study, research and applied practice that seeks to improve pop health world wide
P in “Paces”
Population
A in “Paces”
Action
C in “Paces”
Cooperation
E in “Paces”
Equity
Health Equity
Present when everyone has an equal opportunity to be as healthy as possible
S in “Paces”
Security
WHO
Written in 1948 defines “health” as a state of complete physical mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infinity
Determinants of health
Biological behavioral social and enviormental political and other factor that influence the health status of individuals and populations
Intervention
Prevention is better than cure
System thinking
Identifying the underlying causes of complex problems so that sustainable solutions can be developed and implemented
Prevention science
When preventive health interventions are working to improve health status how successful they are in those populations how fast they can be scaled up for wide spread implementations
Implementation science
Scientific study of how to increase uptake of evidence based practice and policies after effective interventions have been identified
Three level of preventions that together capture full range of health
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary Prevention
Primary Prevention
Protective actions that help keep an adverse health event from ever occurring
Secondary Prevention
Detection of health problems in ASYMPTOMATIC individuals at an early stage when the conditions have not yet cause damage to the body and can be treated more easily
Tertiary Prevention
Interventions that reduce impairment minimize pain and suffering and restore function in people with symptomatic health problems
Etiology
Cause of disease or anther adverse condition
Proximal Cause
Most immediate of an adverse event
Distal cause
Social environment or other factor that is not an immediate cause but contributes to the casual pathways for an adverse event
Multi causality
Causal pathway in which may diff risk factors contribute to an adverse event occurring
Exposure
Personal characteristic behavior environmental encounter or intervention that might change the likehood of developing health condition
Risk factor
Exposure that increases the fact of a particular health outcome
Primordial prevention
General lifestyle habits and environmental conditions that prevent risk factor for adverse health events from developing
Causation
Relationship in which an exposure directly causes an outcome
Casual factor
Exposure that has been scientifically tested and shown to occur before the disease outcome and contributing directly to its occurrence
Association
Is a statistical relationship between two variables but test of association are not enough to prove that a relationship is or not causal
Bradford hill criteria
A set of conditions that’s provide support for the existence of a casual relationship between an exposure and an outcome
non-modifiable risk factor
Risk factor that cannon be changed through health intervention such as age or genetics
Modifiable risk factor
Can be avoided
Behavioral risk factor
Behavior that can be adopted stoped or changed in order to reduce the risk of disease
health transition
Shift in health status of a population that usually occurs in conjunction with socioeconomic development
Risk transition
Health transitions a shift from exposures like undernutrition unsafe water and indoor air pollution that increase risk of infection or disease
population is healthier when the typical age at death is 85years rather than
65 years
Health disparity
An avoidable difference in health status between population groups
International health
Efforts to alleviate poverty related health conditions in lower income communities
Global health achievement
The unseen distribution of access to health tech generated a massive intensification to health disparities during the 20th century
