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History- Russia > Secret Police > Flashcards

Secret Police Flashcards

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1
Q

GPU- when?

A

Replaced Cheka by 1923

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2
Q

GPU- What did it become?

A

1934- NKVD

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3
Q

Arrests- when?

A

In the middle of the night to avoid conflict

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4
Q

Where were they taken to?

A

Lubyanka

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5
Q

How were confessions gained?

A

Torture and the promise that families would be spared (even though this was not always kept)

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6
Q

Yagoda- when?

A

1934

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7
Q

Yagoda- what happened to the Gulag?

A

Transformed into a vast system of forced labour to support industrialisation

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8
Q

Yagoda- How did he use his influence with Stalin?

A

Ensured no intervention from regular courts

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9
Q

Yagoda- What did the emphasis change to?

A

Ideology to economy

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10
Q

Yagoda- What were the camps used for?

A

Pool of labour for economic resources. No free will & hostile environment

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11
Q

Yagoda- Achievements

A

White Sea Canal

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12
Q

Yagoda- What happened to him?

A

1936- Accused of incompetence in safeguarding Kirov so shot

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13
Q

Yezhov- About

A

Nicknamed the ‘bloody dwarf’, he was 5 foot tall and enjoyed personally torturing suspects- once attended a Politburo meeting with cuffs of his shirt covered in fresh blood

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14
Q

Yezhov- Main skill

A

Framing purges in ideological terms

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15
Q

Yezhov- Achievements

A

Sped up process of arrest, trial and imprisonment. E’g’ courts (Troikas) made up of 3 people. 1937- Karelian Troika processed 231 prisoners each day

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16
Q

Yezhov- use of gulags

A

Considered them to be underused, number of inmates and deaths increased considerably

17
Q

Yezhov- quotas date

A

July 1934

18
Q

Yezhov- surveillance of general public

A

Increased. Plain clothed police offices used and informers from general public collected info

19
Q

Yezhov- Staff

A

Number of detectives quadrupled and extra staff employed to torture subjects

20
Q

Yezhov- Opponents

A

Widened to anyone who did not show sufficient commitment to the revolutionary cause. NKVD even had own membership purged

21
Q

Yezhov- What happened to him?

A

Dismissed 1938 for being responsible for excess of purges. Stalin worried about demoralising effect on population as war loomed

History- Russia (14 decks)

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