Education Flashcards
What happened in 1918?
Existing church schools taken over by govt and comprehensive model- children all abilities and same education
Figure to show lack of resources caused by civil war
One pencil for every student
Teachers poorly paid
Drop-out rates- 1926- how many yrs of school did avg child attend?
2.77 yrs
What was the main achievement during 1930s?
Goal of providing universal, compulsory education
How much did the number of children in schools increase by 1929-1931?
14mil-20
When were academic schools turned into specialist schools?
1980s
Bribery
What did lack of resources mean?
Most schools closed in winter as no heating
What discouraged many from entering teaching profession?
Low wages and low status of 1920s
What were introduced in 1940, when were they withdrawn and why did this have little effect?
Tuition fees withdrawn 1956 but parents expected to pay for textbooks, equip and uniforms. Caused rural families ti leave when poor
Impact of WW2- how many schools destroyed?
Large number of teachers killed in action and 82,000 schools.
How did the Fifth Five-Year Plan 1951-55 impact education?
1958 schools delivered an 8 yr programme of compulsory education (ages 7-15) then could choose 2yrs academic or vocational college or work
How many students came from urban schools and possessed good academic qualifications?
2/3s
What happened 1981
Head teacher from Kirghizstan complained rural students did nit turn up to school til nov
What was state education ciewed by many as?
A method of Russification
What remained the desired route and who was it dominated by?
Academic and children of a white-collar and managerial elite
ADULT EDUCATION Under Khrush, how many adults returned to education part-time by 1964?
Over 2 mil
What move ensured equality of access to education?
Govt took control of it and appointed a Comm rector for each institution.
What did govt do in 1928 to try widen participation in higher education?
Dropped requirements for entry and introduced a quota system where 70% of places had to be reserved for those with a working-class background. System abolished 1935
How was expansion supported?
Provision of free tuition and grants for living costs
How many Soviet citizens were involved in some form of education in 1980s?
1/3
How many higher educational institutions were there by 1959?
Around 750
How many students in higher education 1989?
Around 5,400,000
How much was the illiteracy rate in last yrs of Tsarist Russia
65%
What helped improve literacy?
Liquidation points
Rabfaki
A literacy league
Litrrscy rates for urban and countryside 1859
99 and 98%
