Secondary hypertension

Question 1

Main causes of secondary hypertension

11

Answer 1

1. Obesity, Metabolic syndrome
2. Renal parenchymal diseases
3. Prerenal/Renovascular hypertension
4. Primary aldosteronism
5. Cushings syndrome
6. Pheochromocytoma
7. Hyperthyroidism
8. Acromegaly
9. Hypercalcemia of any etiology.
10. Medications, side effects
11. Obstructive sleep apnea

Question 2

Heritable endocrine diseases associated with pheochromocytoma

Answer 2

MEN2A and MEN2B

Question 3

What is the blod measure indicates primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 3

The ARR, or PA/PRA.

Plasma Aldosterone to Plasma Renin Activity ratio.

Above 24 indicates primary hyperaldosteronism.

Question 4

What defines metabolic syndrome

Answer 4

Insulin resistance - IFG > 6.1 mM

Central obesity

Hypertrigyceridemia

Low HDL

Hypertension